10NH4I + 12KMnO4 → 10NO↑ + 5I2 + 12Mn(OH)2 + 12KOH + 2H2O
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- Reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate
The reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate yields nitrogen monoxide, , manganese(II) hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH4I | Ammonium iodide | 10 | Reducing | Reducing |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 12 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO | Nitrogen monoxide | 10 | Oxidized | – |
| 5 | Oxidized | – | ||
| Mn(OH)2 | Manganese(II) hydroxide | 12 | Reduced | – |
| KOH | Potassium hydroxide | 12 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 2 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate◆
ΔrG −1561.5 kJ/mol K 3.66 × 10273 pK −273.56
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1050.5 | −1561.5 | 1735 | – |
per 1 mol of | −105.05 | −156.15 | 173.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −87.542 | −130.13 | 144.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −105.05 | −156.15 | 173.5 | – |
| −210.10 | −312.30 | 347.0 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −87.542 | −130.13 | 144.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −87.542 | −130.13 | 144.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −525.25 | −780.75 | 867.5 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of ammonium iodide and potassium permanganate◆
ΔrG −2118.0 kJ/mol K 1.14 × 10371 pK −371.06
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2286.9 | −2118.0 | −548.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −228.69 | −211.80 | −54.84 | – |
per 1 mol of | −190.58 | −176.50 | −45.70 | – |
per 1 mol of | −228.69 | −211.80 | −54.84 | – |
| −457.38 | −423.60 | −109.7 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −190.58 | −176.50 | −45.70 | – |
per 1 mol of | −190.58 | −176.50 | −45.70 | – |
per 1 mol of | −1143.5 | −1059.0 | −274.2 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH4I (cr) | -201.42[1] | -112.5[1] | 117[1] | – |
| NH4I (ai) | -187.69[1] | -130.88[1] | 224.7[1] | -62.3[1] |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO (g) | 90.25[1] | 86.55[1] | 210.761[1] | 29.844[1] |
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 116.135[1] | 54.438[1] |
| (g) | 62.438[1] | 19.327[1] | 260.69[1] | 36.90[1] |
| (ao) | 22.6[1] | 16.40[1] | 137.2[1] | – |
| Mn(OH)2 (am) precipitated | -695.4[1] | -615.0[1] | 99.2[1] | – |
| KOH (cr) | -424.764[1] | -379.08[1] | 78.9[1] | 64.9[1] |
| KOH (g) | -231.0[1] | -232.6[1] | 238.3[1] | 49.20[1] |
| KOH (ai) | -482.37[1] | -440.50[1] | 91.6[1] | -126.8[1] |
| KOH (cr) 1 hydrate | -748.9[1] | -645.1[1] | 117.2[1] | – |
| KOH (cr) 2 hydrate | -1051.0[1] | -887.3[1] | 150.6[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -201.42 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -112.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -187.69 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -130.88 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 224.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -62.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 90.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 86.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.761 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.844 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 116.135 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.438 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 62.438 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 19.327 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 260.69 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 22.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 16.40 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 137.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -695.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -615.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 99.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -424.764 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -379.08 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 78.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 64.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -231.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -232.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 238.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 49.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -482.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -440.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 91.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -126.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -748.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -645.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1051.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -887.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 150.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1