10Au + 2Cr(NO3)3 + 18H2O 🔥→ 10Au(OH)3 + 3N2↑ + 2Cr(OH)3
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- Reaction of and chromium(III) nitrate under neutral condition
- 10 + 2Cr(NO3)3Chromium(III) nitrate + 18H2OWater10Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide + 3↑ + 2Cr(OH)3Chromium(III) hydroxide🔥⟶
The reaction of , chromium(III) nitrate, and water yields gold(III) hydroxide, , and chromium(III) hydroxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and chromium(III) nitrate under neutral condition
- 10 + 2Cr(NO3)3Chromium(III) nitrate + 18H2OWater10Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide + 3↑ + 2Cr(OH)3Chromium(III) hydroxide🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and chromium(III) nitrate under neutral condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable | ||
| Cr(NO3)3 | Chromium(III) nitrate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
| H2O | Water | 18 | – | Water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au(OH)3 | Gold(III) hydroxide | 10 | Oxidized | – |
| 3 | Reduced | – | ||
| Cr(OH)3 | Chromium(III) hydroxide | 2 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 47.40[1] | 25.418[1] |
| (g) | 366.1[1] | 326.3[1] | 180.503[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Cr(NO3)3 (cr) 9 hydrate | – | – | – | 456.9[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au(OH)3 (cr) precipitated | -424.7[1] | -316.92[1] | 189.5[1] | – |
| Au(OH)3 (ao) | – | -283.37[1] | – | – |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 191.61[1] | 29.125[1] |
| Cr(OH)3 (cr) precipitated | -1064.0[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 47.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 25.418 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 366.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 326.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 180.503 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 456.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -424.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -316.92 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 189.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 191.61 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.125 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1064.0 kJ · mol−1