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  3. 10NaCl + 12KMnO4 + 16H^+ ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 10NaMnO4 + 5Cl2โ†‘ + 2Mn^2+ + 12K^+ + 8H2O

10NaCl + 12KMnO4 + 16H+ ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 10NaMnO4 + 5Cl2โ†‘ + 2Mn2+ + 12K+ + 8H2O

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Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
10NaClSodium chloride + 12KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 16H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
10NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + 5Cl2โ†‘Chlorine + 2Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 12K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater

The reaction of sodium chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium permanganate, chlorine, manganese(II) ion, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
10NaClSodium chloride + 12KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 16H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
10NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + 5Cl2โ†‘Chlorine + 2Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 12K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaClSodium chloride10
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate12
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion16
โ€“
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaMnO4Sodium permanganate10
โ€“
โ€“
Cl2Chlorine5
Oxidized
โ€“
Mn2+Manganese(II) ion2
Reduced
โ€“
K+Potassium ion12
โ€“
โ€“
H2OWater8
โ€“
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’146.1 kJ/mol
K3.94 ร— 1025
pKโˆ’25.60
10NaClIonized aqueous solution + 12KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 16H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
10NaMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 5Cl2โ†‘Gas + 2Mn2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 12K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
25.6โˆ’146.1580.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
2.56โˆ’14.6158.00โ€“
2.13โˆ’12.1748.33โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
1.60โˆ’9.13136.25โ€“
2.56โˆ’14.6158.00โ€“
per 1 mol of
5.12โˆ’29.22116.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
Manganese(II) ion
12.8โˆ’73.05290.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
2.13โˆ’12.1748.33โ€“
per 1 mol of
3.20โˆ’18.2672.50โ€“

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’111.4 kJ/mol
K3.28 ร— 1019
pKโˆ’19.52
10NaClIonized aqueous solution + 12KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 16H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
10NaMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 5Cl2โ†‘Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2Mn2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 12K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โˆ’91.4โˆ’111.470โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’9.14โˆ’11.147.0โ€“
โˆ’7.62โˆ’9.2835.8โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
โˆ’5.71โˆ’6.9634.4โ€“
โˆ’9.14โˆ’11.147.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’18.3โˆ’22.2814โ€“
per 1 mol of
Manganese(II) ion
โˆ’45.7โˆ’55.7035โ€“
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
โˆ’7.62โˆ’9.2835.8โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’11.4โˆ’13.938.8โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
NaCl (cr)-411.153[1]-384.138[1]72.13[1]50.50[1]
NaCl (g)-176.65[1]-196.66[1]229.81[1]35.77[1]
NaCl (ai)-407.27[1]-393.133[1]115.5[1]-90.0[1]
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H+ (g)1536.202[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
NaMnO4 (ai)-781.6[1]-709.1[1]250.2[1]โ€“
NaMnO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1079.14[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
NaMnO4 (cr)
3 hydrate
-1672.85[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cl2 (g)0[1]0[1]223.066[1]33.907[1]
Cl2 (ao)-23.4[1]6.94[1]121[1]โ€“
Mn2+ (g)2519.69[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Mn2+ (ao)-220.75[1]-228.1[1]-73.6[1]50[1]
K+ (g)514.26[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
K+ (ao)-252.38[1]-283.27[1]102.5[1]21.8[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)