11PbBr2 + 14KMnO4 + 28H+ ๐ฅโ 11PbO2 + 8HBrO3 + 14Mn2+ + 14KBr + 10H2O
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- Reaction of lead(II) bromide and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 11PbBr2Lead(II) bromide + 14KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 28H+Hydrogen ion11PbO2Lead(IV) oxide + 8HBrO3Bromic acid + 14Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 14KBrPotassium bromide + 10H2OWater๐ฅโถ
The reaction of lead(II) bromide, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields lead(IV) oxide, bromic acid, manganese(II) ion, potassium bromide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lead(II) bromide and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 11PbBr2Lead(II) bromide + 14KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 28H+Hydrogen ion11PbO2Lead(IV) oxide + 8HBrO3Bromic acid + 14Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 14KBrPotassium bromide + 10H2OWater๐ฅโถ
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent โถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lead(II) bromide and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbBr2 | Lead(II) bromide | 11 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 14 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 28 | โ | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbO2 | Lead(IV) oxide | 11 | Oxidized | โ |
| HBrO3 | Bromic acid | 8 | Oxidized | โ |
| Mn2+ | Manganese(II) ion | 14 | Reduced | โ |
| KBr | Potassium bromide | 14 | โ | โ |
| H2O | Water | 10 | โ | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of lead(II) bromide and potassium permanganate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG โ445.0 kJ/mol K 9.13 ร 1077 pK โ77.96
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ965.6 | โ445.0 | โ1734.5 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ87.78 | โ40.45 | โ157.68 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ68.97 | โ31.79 | โ123.89 | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ34.49 | โ15.89 | โ61.946 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ87.78 | โ40.45 | โ157.68 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ120.7 | โ55.63 | โ216.81 | โ |
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) ion | โ68.97 | โ31.79 | โ123.89 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ68.97 | โ31.79 | โ123.89 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ96.56 | โ44.50 | โ173.45 | โ |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of lead(II) bromide and potassium permanganate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG โ354.1 kJ/mol K 1.09 ร 1062 pK โ62.04
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | โ354.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ32.19 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ25.29 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | โ12.65 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ32.19 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ44.26 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) ion | โ | โ25.29 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ25.29 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ35.41 | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbBr2 (cr) | -278.7[1] | -261.92[1] | 161.5[1] | 80.12[1] |
| PbBr2 (ai) | -244.8[1] | -232.34[1] | 175.3[1] | โ |
| PbBr2 (ao) | โ | -240.6[1] | โ | โ |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbO2 (cr) | -277.4[1] | -217.33[1] | 68.6[1] | 64.64[1] |
| HBrO3 (ai) | -67.07[1] | 18.60[1] | 161.71[1] | โ |
| Mn2+ (g) | 2519.69[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| Mn2+ (ao) | -220.75[1] | -228.1[1] | -73.6[1] | 50[1] |
| KBr (cr) | -393.798[1] | -380.66[1] | 95.90[1] | 52.30[1] |
| KBr (g) | -180.08[1] | -212.96[1] | 250.52[1] | 36.920[1] |
| KBr (ai) | -373.92[1] | -387.23[1] | 184.9[1] | -120.1[1] |
| H2O (cr) | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -278.7 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -261.92 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 161.5 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 80.12 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -244.8 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -232.34 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 175.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -240.6 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -837.2 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -737.6 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 171.71 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 117.57 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -793.8 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -730.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 293.7 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -60.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 1536.202 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -277.4 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -217.33 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 68.6 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 64.64 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -67.07 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 18.60 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 161.71 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 2519.69 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -220.75 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -228.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, -73.6 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 50. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -393.798 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -380.66 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 95.90 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 52.30 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -180.08 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -212.96 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 250.52 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 36.920 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -373.92 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -387.23 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 184.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -120.1 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -285.830 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -237.129 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 69.91 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 75.291 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -241.818 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -228.572 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 188.825 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 33.577 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1