11KI + 3Pb(NO3)2 + 6H+ → 5KIO3 + 6K+ + 3N2↑ + 3PbI2 + 3H2O
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- Reaction of potassium iodide and lead(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 11KIPotassium iodide + 3Pb(NO3)2Lead(II) nitrate + 6H+Hydrogen ion5KIO3Potassium iodate + 6K+Potassium ion + 3↑ + 3PbI2Lead(II) iodide + 3H2OWater⟶
The reaction of potassium iodide, lead(II) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields potassium iodate, potassium ion, , lead(II) iodide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of potassium iodide and lead(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 11KIPotassium iodide + 3Pb(NO3)2Lead(II) nitrate + 6H+Hydrogen ion5KIO3Potassium iodate + 6K+Potassium ion + 3↑ + 3PbI2Lead(II) iodide + 3H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of potassium iodide and lead(II) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI | Potassium iodide | 11 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| Pb(NO3)2 | Lead(II) nitrate | 3 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 6 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KIO3 | Potassium iodate | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| K+ | Potassium ion | 6 | – | – |
| 3 | Reduced | – | ||
| PbI2 | Lead(II) iodide | 3 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 3 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and lead(II) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −425.6 kJ/mol K 3.65 × 1074 pK −74.56
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −443.9 | −425.6 | −58.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −40.35 | −38.69 | −5.33 | – |
per 1 mol of | −148.0 | −141.9 | −19.5 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −73.98 | −70.93 | −9.77 | – |
per 1 mol of | −88.78 | −85.12 | −11.7 | – |
per 1 mol of Potassium ion | −73.98 | −70.93 | −9.77 | – |
| −148.0 | −141.9 | −19.5 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −148.0 | −141.9 | −19.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −148.0 | −141.9 | −19.5 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and lead(II) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −473.4 kJ/mol K 8.63 × 1082 pK −82.94
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −473.4 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −43.04 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −157.8 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | – | −78.90 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −94.68 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Potassium ion | – | −78.90 | – | – |
| – | −157.8 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | −157.8 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −157.8 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI (cr) | -327.900[1] | -324.892[1] | 106.32[1] | 52.93[1] |
| KI (g) | -125.5[1] | -166.1[1] | 258.3[1] | 37.11[1] |
| KI (ai) | -307.57[1] | -334.85[1] | 213.8[1] | -120.5[1] |
| Pb(NO3)2 (cr) | -451.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Pb(NO3)2 (ai) | -416.3[1] | -246.93[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KIO3 (cr) | -501.37[1] | -418.35[1] | 151.46[1] | 106.48[1] |
| KIO3 (ai) | -473.6[1] | -411.2[1] | 220.9[1] | – |
| K+ (g) | 514.26[1] | – | – | – |
| K+ (ao) | -252.38[1] | -283.27[1] | 102.5[1] | 21.8[1] |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 191.61[1] | 29.125[1] |
| PbI2 (cr) | -175.48[1] | -173.64[1] | 174.85[1] | 77.36[1] |
| PbI2 (ai) | -112.1[1] | -127.57[1] | 233.0[1] | – |
| PbI2 (ao) | – | -143.5[1] | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -327.900 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -324.892 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 106.32 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 52.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -125.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -166.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 258.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -307.57 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -334.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -120.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -451.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -416.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -246.93 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -501.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -418.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 106.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -411.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 220.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 514.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -252.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 191.61 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.125 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -175.48 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -173.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 174.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 77.36 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -112.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -127.57 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 233.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -143.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1