11NaCl + 6AgNO3 + 11H+ 🔥→ 11Na+ + 5HClO3 + 3N2↑ + 6AgCl + 3H2O
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- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
- 11NaClSodium chloride + 6AgNO3Silver(I) nitrate + 11H+Hydrogen ion11Na+Sodium ion + 5HClO3Chloric acid + 3↑ + 6AgClSilver(I) chloride + 3H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of sodium chloride, silver(I) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium ion, chloric acid, , silver(I) chloride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
- 11NaClSodium chloride + 6AgNO3Silver(I) nitrate + 11H+Hydrogen ion11Na+Sodium ion + 5HClO3Chloric acid + 3↑ + 6AgClSilver(I) chloride + 3H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 11 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| AgNO3 | Silver(I) nitrate | 6 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 11 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 11 | – | – |
| HClO3 | Chloric acid | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| 3 | Reduced | – | ||
| AgCl | Silver(I) chloride | 6 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 3 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 572.61 kJ/mol K 0.48 × 10−100 pK 100.32
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 702.63 | 572.61 | 435.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 63.875 | 52.055 | 39.56 | – |
per 1 mol of | 117.11 | 95.435 | 72.53 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 63.875 | 52.055 | 39.56 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 63.875 | 52.055 | 39.56 | – |
per 1 mol of | 140.53 | 114.52 | 87.04 | – |
| 234.21 | 190.87 | 145.1 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 117.11 | 95.435 | 72.53 | – |
per 1 mol of | 234.21 | 190.87 | 145.1 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 460.5 kJ/mol K 0.21 × 10−80 pK 80.68
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 635.3 | 460.5 | 583.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | 57.75 | 41.86 | 53.04 | – |
per 1 mol of | 105.9 | 76.75 | 97.23 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 57.75 | 41.86 | 53.04 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 57.75 | 41.86 | 53.04 | – |
per 1 mol of | 127.1 | 92.10 | 116.7 | – |
| 211.8 | 153.5 | 194.5 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 105.9 | 76.75 | 97.23 | – |
per 1 mol of | 211.8 | 153.5 | 194.5 | – |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 562.59 kJ/mol K 0.27 × 10−98 pK 98.56
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | 562.59 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 51.145 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 93.765 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | – | 51.145 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | – | 51.145 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 112.52 | – | – |
| – | 187.53 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | 93.765 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 187.53 | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 450.5 kJ/mol K 0.12 × 10−78 pK 78.92
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | 450.5 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 40.95 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 75.08 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | – | 40.95 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | – | 40.95 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 90.10 | – | – |
| – | 150.2 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | 75.08 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 150.2 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| AgNO3 (cr) | -124.39[1] | -33.41[1] | 140.92[1] | 93.05[1] |
| AgNO3 (ai) | -101.80[1] | -34.16[1] | 219.2[1] | -64.9[1] |
| AgNO3 (ao) | – | -32.49[1] | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| HClO3 (ai) | -103.97[1] | -7.95[1] | 162.3[1] | – |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 191.61[1] | 29.125[1] |
| AgCl (cr) | -127.068[1] | -109.789[1] | 96.2[1] | 50.79[1] |
| AgCl (g) | – | – | 245.92[1] | 35.86[1] |
| AgCl (ai) | -61.580[1] | -54.120[1] | 129.3[1] | -114.6[1] |
| AgCl (ao) | -72.8[1] | -72.8[1] | 154.0[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -124.39 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -33.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 140.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 93.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -101.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -34.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 219.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -64.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -32.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -103.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -7.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 162.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 191.61 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.125 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -127.068 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -109.789 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 96.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.79 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ S°, 245.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.86 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -61.580 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -54.120 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 129.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -72.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -72.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 154.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1