11NaCl + 8AgNO3 🔥→ 3NaClO4 + 4Na2O + 8NO↑ + 8AgCl
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate
The reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate yields sodium perchlorate, sodium oxide, nitrogen monoxide, and silver(I) chloride (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 11 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| AgNO3 | Silver(I) nitrate | 8 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO4 | Sodium perchlorate | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| Na2O | Sodium oxide | 4 | – | – |
| NO | Nitrogen monoxide | 8 | Reduced | – |
| AgCl | Silver(I) chloride | 8 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate◆
ΔrG 2040.50 kJ/mol K 0.33 × 10−357 pK 357.48
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2416.48 | 2040.50 | 1262.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 219.680 | 185.500 | 114.73 | – |
per 1 mol of | 302.060 | 255.063 | 157.75 | – |
per 1 mol of | 805.493 | 680.167 | 420.67 | – |
per 1 mol of | 604.120 | 510.125 | 315.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | 302.060 | 255.063 | 157.75 | – |
per 1 mol of | 302.060 | 255.063 | 157.75 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate◆
ΔrG 2544.11 kJ/mol K 0.20 × 10−445 pK 445.71
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2758.50 | 2544.11 | 719.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 250.773 | 231.283 | 65.42 | – |
per 1 mol of | 344.813 | 318.014 | 89.95 | – |
per 1 mol of | 919.500 | 848.037 | 239.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | 689.625 | 636.028 | 179.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | 344.813 | 318.014 | 89.95 | – |
per 1 mol of | 344.813 | 318.014 | 89.95 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate◆
ΔrG 2394.7 kJ/mol K 0.29 × 10−419 pK 419.53
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2668.7 | 2394.7 | 917.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 242.61 | 217.70 | 83.38 | – |
per 1 mol of | 333.59 | 299.34 | 114.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 889.57 | 798.23 | 305.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 667.17 | 598.67 | 229.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 333.59 | 299.34 | 114.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 333.59 | 299.34 | 114.7 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate◆
ΔrG 2530.75 kJ/mol K 0.43 × 10−443 pK 443.37
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | 2530.75 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 230.068 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 316.344 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 843.583 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 632.688 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 316.344 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 316.344 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and silver(I) nitrate◆
ΔrG 2381.3 kJ/mol K 0.65 × 10−417 pK 417.19
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | 2381.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 216.48 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 297.66 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 793.77 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 595.33 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 297.66 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | 297.66 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| AgNO3 (cr) | -124.39[1] | -33.41[1] | 140.92[1] | 93.05[1] |
| AgNO3 (ai) | -101.80[1] | -34.16[1] | 219.2[1] | -64.9[1] |
| AgNO3 (ao) | – | -32.49[1] | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO4 (cr) | -383.30[1] | -254.85[1] | 142.3[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (ai) | -369.45[1] | -270.41[1] | 241.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -677.77[1] | -494.29[1] | 190.8[1] | – |
| Na2O (cr) | -414.22[1] | -375.46[1] | 75.06[1] | 69.12[1] |
| Na2O (g) | -35.6[1] | -52.3[1] | 261.2[1] | 55.2[1] |
| NO (g) | 90.25[1] | 86.55[1] | 210.761[1] | 29.844[1] |
| AgCl (cr) | -127.068[1] | -109.789[1] | 96.2[1] | 50.79[1] |
| AgCl (g) | – | – | 245.92[1] | 35.86[1] |
| AgCl (ai) | -61.580[1] | -54.120[1] | 129.3[1] | -114.6[1] |
| AgCl (ao) | -72.8[1] | -72.8[1] | 154.0[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -124.39 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -33.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 140.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 93.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -101.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -34.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 219.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -64.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -32.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -254.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -369.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -270.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 241.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -494.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 190.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -414.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -375.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 75.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 69.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -35.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -52.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 261.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 90.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 86.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.761 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.844 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -127.068 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -109.789 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 96.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.79 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ S°, 245.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.86 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -61.580 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -54.120 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 129.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -72.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -72.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 154.0 J · K−1 · mol−1