12(NH4)2Cr2O7 ๐ฅโ 9HNO3 + 14Cr(OH)3 + 5Cr2O3 + 15NH3โ
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- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
Decomposition of ammonium dichromate yields nitric acid, chromium(III) hydroxide, chromium(III) oxide, and ammonia (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
General equation
- Thermal decomposition with redox
- Thermally decomposable substanceSelf redox agent๐ฅโถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
- Thermal decomposition of oxoacid salt with redox
- Oxoacid saltSelf redox agent๐ฅโถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
(NH4)2Cr2O7 | Ammonium dichromate | 12 | Self redox agent | Thermally decomposable Oxoacid salt |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
HNO3 | Nitric acid | 9 | Oxidized | โ |
Cr(OH)3 | Chromium(III) hydroxide | 14 | Reduced | โ |
Cr2O3 | Chromium(III) oxide | 5 | Reduced | โ |
NH3 | Ammonia | 15 | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
- 12(NH4)2Cr2O7Crystalline solid9HNO3Liquid + 14Cr(OH)3Crystalline solidprecipitated + 5Cr2O3Crystalline solid + 15NH3โGas๐ฅโถ
Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ1172.7 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ97.725 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ130.30 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ83.764 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ234.54 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ78.180 | โ | โ | โ |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
- 12(NH4)2Cr2O7Ionized aqueous solution9HNO3Ionized aqueous solution + 14Cr(OH)3Crystalline solidprecipitated + 5Cr2O3Crystalline solid + 15NH3โGas๐ฅโถ
Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ2090.0 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ174.17 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ232.22 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ149.29 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ418.00 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ139.33 | โ | โ | โ |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Decomposition of ammonium dichromate
- 12(NH4)2Cr2O7Ionized aqueous solution9HNO3Ionized aqueous solution + 14Cr(OH)3Crystalline solidprecipitated + 5Cr2O3Crystalline solid + 15NH3โUn-ionized aqueous solution๐ฅโถ
Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ2602.7 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ216.89 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ289.19 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ185.91 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ520.54 | โ | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ173.51 | โ | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(NH4)2Cr2O7 (cr) | -1806.7[1] | โ | โ | โ |
(NH4)2Cr2O7 (ai) | -1755.2[1] | -1459.5[1] | 488.7[1] | โ |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
Cr(OH)3 (cr) precipitated | -1064.0[1] | โ | โ | โ |
Cr2O3 (cr) | -1139.7[1] | -1058.1[1] | 81.2[1] | 118.74[1] |
Cr2O3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1506[1] | โ | โ | โ |
Cr2O3 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1845[1] | โ | โ | โ |
Cr2O3 (cr) 3 hydrate | -2171[1] | โ | โ | โ |
NH3 (g) | -46.11[1] | -16.45[1] | 192.45[1] | 35.06[1] |
NH3 (ao) | -80.29[1] | -26.50[1] | 111.3[1] | โ |
* (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
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- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1755.2 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -1459.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 488.7 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -174.10 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -80.71 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 155.60 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 109.87 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -135.06 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -74.72 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 266.38 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 53.35 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -207.36 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -111.25 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 146.4 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -86.6 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -473.46 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -328.77 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 216.90 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 182.46 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1056.04 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -811.09 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 346.98 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 325.14 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1064.0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1139.7 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -1058.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 81.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 118.74 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1506. kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1845. kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -2171. kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -46.11 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -16.45 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 192.45 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 35.06 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -80.29 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -26.50 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 111.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1