12Cu + 2Al(NO3)3 + 6H2O → 12CuO + 3NH4NO3 + Al2O3
Last updated:
- Reaction of and aluminium nitrate under neutral condition
The reaction of , aluminium nitrate, and water yields copper(II) oxide, ammonium nitrate, and aluminium oxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and aluminium nitrate under neutral condition
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and aluminium nitrate under neutral condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| Al(NO3)3 | Aluminium nitrate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
| H2O | Water | 6 | – | Water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuO | Copper(II) oxide | 12 | Oxidized | – |
| NH4NO3 | Ammonium nitrate | 3 | Reduced | – |
| Al2O3 | Aluminium oxide | 1 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of and aluminium nitrate under neutral condition◆
ΔrG −648 kJ/mol K 3.35 × 10113 pK −113.52
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −558 | −648 | 289.4 | – |
| −46.5 | −54.0 | 24.12 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −279 | −324 | 144.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | −93.0 | −108 | 48.23 | – |
per 1 mol of | −46.5 | −54.0 | 24.12 | – |
per 1 mol of | −186 | −216 | 96.47 | – |
per 1 mol of | −558 | −648 | 289.4 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Al(NO3)3 (ai) | -1155[1] | -820[1] | 117.6[1] | – |
| Al(NO3)3 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2850.48[1] | -2203.39[1] | 467.8[1] | 433.0[1] |
| Al(NO3)3 (cr) 9 hydrate | -3757.06[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuO (cr) | -157.3[1] | -129.7[1] | 42.63[1] | 42.30[1] |
| NH4NO3 (cr) | -365.56[1] | -183.87[1] | 151.08[1] | 139.3[1] |
| NH4NO3 (ai) | -339.87[1] | -190.56[1] | 259.8[1] | -6.7[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) α, corundum | -1675.7[1] | -1582.3[1] | 50.92[1] | 79.04[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) δ | -1666.5[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) ρ | -1657[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) κ | -1662.3[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) γ | -1656.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (am) | -1632[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1998.91[1] | -1841.78[1] | 70.67[1] | 106.19[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) 3 hydrate | -2576.5[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 33.150 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.435 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 338.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 298.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 166.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1155. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -820. kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2850.48 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2203.39 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 467.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 433.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3757.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -157.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -129.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 42.63 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 42.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -365.56 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -183.87 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.08 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 139.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -339.87 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -190.56 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 259.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -6.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1675.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1582.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 50.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 79.04 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1666.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1657. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1662.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1656.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1632. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1998.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1841.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 70.67 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 106.19 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2576.5 kJ · mol−1