12SrCl2 + 8KMnO4 + 24H+ → 12Sr2+ + 5KClO4 + 8MnCl2 + 3KCl + 12H2O
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- Reaction of strontium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 12SrCl2Strontium chloride + 8KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 24H+Hydrogen ion12Sr2+Strontium ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 8MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 3KClPotassium chloride + 12H2OWater⟶
The reaction of strontium chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields strontium ion, potassium perchlorate, manganese(II) chloride, potassium chloride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of strontium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 12SrCl2Strontium chloride + 8KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 24H+Hydrogen ion12Sr2+Strontium ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 8MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 3KClPotassium chloride + 12H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of strontium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SrCl2 | Strontium chloride | 12 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 8 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 24 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr2+ | Strontium ion | 12 | – | – |
| KClO4 | Potassium perchlorate | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| MnCl2 | Manganese(II) chloride | 8 | Reduced | – |
| KCl | Potassium chloride | 3 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 12 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of strontium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −481.2 kJ/mol K 2.01 × 1084 pK −84.30
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −675.5 | −481.2 | −654.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | −56.29 | −40.10 | −54.57 | – |
per 1 mol of | −84.44 | −60.15 | −81.85 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −28.15 | −20.05 | −27.28 | – |
per 1 mol of Strontium ion | −56.29 | −40.10 | −54.57 | – |
per 1 mol of | −135.1 | −96.24 | −131.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −84.44 | −60.15 | −81.85 | – |
per 1 mol of | −225.2 | −160.4 | −218.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −56.29 | −40.10 | −54.57 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of strontium chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −490.8 kJ/mol K 9.65 × 1085 pK −85.98
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −490.8 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −40.90 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −61.35 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | – | −20.45 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Strontium ion | – | −40.90 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −98.16 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −61.35 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −163.6 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −40.90 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SrCl2 (cr) α | -828.9[1] | -781.1[1] | 114.85[1] | 75.60[1] |
| SrCl2 (g) | -485.8[1] | -496.2[1] | 310.81[1] | 55.77[1] |
| SrCl2 (ai) | -880.10[1] | -821.91[1] | 80.3[1] | – |
| SrCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1136.8[1] | -1036.3[1] | 172[1] | 120.1[1] |
| SrCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1438.0[1] | -1281.8[1] | 218[1] | 160.2[1] |
| SrCl2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2623.8[1] | -2240.92[1] | 390.8[1] | – |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr2+ (g) | 1790.54[1] | – | – | – |
| Sr2+ (ao) | -545.80[1] | -559.48[1] | -32.6[1] | – |
| KClO4 (cr) | -432.75[1] | -303.09[1] | 151.0[1] | 112.38[1] |
| KClO4 (ai) | -381.71[1] | -291.79[1] | 284.5[1] | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) | -481.29[1] | -440.50[1] | 118.24[1] | 72.93[1] |
| MnCl2 (g) | -263.6[1] | – | – | – |
| MnCl2 (ai) | -555.05[1] | -490.8[1] | 38.9[1] | -222[1] |
| MnCl2 (ao) | – | -492.0[1] | – | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -789.9[1] | -696.1[1] | 174.1[1] | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1092.0[1] | -942.1[1] | 218.8[1] | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1687.4[1] | -1423.6[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| KCl (cr) | -436.747[1] | -409.14[1] | 82.59[1] | 51.30[1] |
| KCl (g) | -214.14[1] | -233.0[1] | 239.10[1] | 36.48[1] |
| KCl (ai) | -419.53[1] | -414.49[1] | 159.0[1] | -114.6[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -828.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -781.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 114.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -485.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -496.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 310.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -880.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -821.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 80.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1136.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1036.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 172. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 120.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1438.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1281.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 218. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 160.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2623.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2240.92 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 390.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1790.54 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -545.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -559.48 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -32.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -432.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -303.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -381.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 284.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -481.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -440.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 118.24 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 72.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -263.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -555.05 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -490.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 38.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -222. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -492.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -789.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -696.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 174.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1092.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -942.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 218.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1687.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1423.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -436.747 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -409.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 82.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 51.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -214.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -233.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 239.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -419.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -414.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 159.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1