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14HCl + 2KMnO4 + 2H+ ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 5Cl2 + 2MnCl2 + 2K+ + 8H2O

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Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
14HClHydrogen chloride + 2KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 2H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Chlorine + 2MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 2K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater

The reaction of hydrogen chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields chlorine, manganese(II) chloride, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
14HClHydrogen chloride + 2KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 2H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Chlorine + 2MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 2K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
HClHydrogen chloride14
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate2
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion2
โ€“
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Cl2Chlorine5
Oxidized
โ€“
MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride2
Reduced
โ€“
K+Potassium ion2
โ€“
โ€“
H2OWater8
โ€“
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’147.0 kJ/mol
K5.67 ร— 1025
pKโˆ’25.75
14HClIonized aqueous solution + 2KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 2H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Gas + 2MnCl2Ionized aqueous solution + 2K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
26.3โˆ’147.0579.02401
per 1 mol of
1.88โˆ’10.5041.36171.5
13.2โˆ’73.50289.51201
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
13.2โˆ’73.50289.51201
per 1 mol of
5.26โˆ’29.40115.8480.2
13.2โˆ’73.50289.51201
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
13.2โˆ’73.50289.51201
per 1 mol of
3.29โˆ’18.3872.38300.1

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’149.4 kJ/mol
K1.49 ร— 1026
pKโˆ’26.17
14HClIonized aqueous solution + 2KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 2H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Gas + 2MnCl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“โˆ’149.4โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’10.67โ€“โ€“
โ€“โˆ’74.70โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
โ€“โˆ’74.70โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’29.88โ€“โ€“
โ€“โˆ’74.70โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
โ€“โˆ’74.70โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’18.68โ€“โ€“

Changes in standard condition (3)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’112.3 kJ/mol
K4.72 ร— 1019
pKโˆ’19.67
14HClIonized aqueous solution + 2KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 2H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2MnCl2Ionized aqueous solution + 2K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โˆ’90.7โˆ’112.369โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’6.48โˆ’8.0214.9โ€“
โˆ’45.4โˆ’56.1535โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
โˆ’45.4โˆ’56.1535โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’18.1โˆ’22.4614โ€“
โˆ’45.4โˆ’56.1535โ€“
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
โˆ’45.4โˆ’56.1535โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’11.3โˆ’14.048.6โ€“

Changes in standard condition (4)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’114.7 kJ/mol
K1.24 ร— 1020
pKโˆ’20.09
14HClIonized aqueous solution + 2KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 2H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5Cl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2MnCl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 8H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“โˆ’114.7โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’8.193โ€“โ€“
โ€“โˆ’57.35โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
โ€“โˆ’57.35โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’22.94โ€“โ€“
โ€“โˆ’57.35โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
โ€“โˆ’57.35โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“โˆ’14.34โ€“โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
HCl (g)-92.307[1]-95.299[1]186.908[1]29.12[1]
HCl (ai)-167.159[1]-131.228[1]56.5[1]-136.4[1]
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H+ (g)1536.202[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Cl2 (g)0[1]0[1]223.066[1]33.907[1]
Cl2 (ao)-23.4[1]6.94[1]121[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)-481.29[1]-440.50[1]118.24[1]72.93[1]
MnCl2 (g)-263.6[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
MnCl2 (ai)-555.05[1]-490.8[1]38.9[1]-222[1]
MnCl2 (ao)โ€“-492.0[1]โ€“โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
1 hydrate
-789.9[1]-696.1[1]174.1[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1092.0[1]-942.1[1]218.8[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1687.4[1]-1423.6[1]303.3[1]โ€“
K+ (g)514.26[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
K+ (ao)-252.38[1]-283.27[1]102.5[1]21.8[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)