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18Cu + 3NH4NO3 → 9Cu2O + N2↑ + 4NH3↑

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Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate
18CuCopper + 3NH4NO3Ammonium nitrate
⟶
9Cu2OCopper(I) oxide + N2↑Nitrogen + 4NH3↑Ammonia

The reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate yields copper(I) oxide, nitrogen, and ammonia (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate
18CuCopper + 3NH4NO3Ammonium nitrate
⟶
9Cu2OCopper(I) oxide + N2↑Nitrogen + 4NH3↑Ammonia

General equation

Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species
Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
CuCopper18
Reducing
Oxidizable
NH4NO3Ammonium nitrate3
Oxidizing
Oxidizing

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Cu2OCopper(I) oxide9
Oxidized
–
N2Nitrogen1
Reduced
–
NH3Ammonia4
Reduced
–

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate
◆
ΔrG−828.2 kJ/mol
K1.24 × 10145
pK−145.09
18CuCrystalline solid + 3NH4NO3Crystalline solid
⟶
9Cu2OCrystalline solid + N2↑Gas + 4NH3↑Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−605.2−828.2749.73−115.6
per 1 mol of
−33.62−46.0141.652−6.422
per 1 mol of
−201.7−276.1249.91−38.53
per 1 mol of
−67.24−92.0283.303−12.84
per 1 mol of
−605.2−828.2749.73−115.6
per 1 mol of
−151.3−207.1187.43−28.90

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate
◆
ΔrG−808.1 kJ/mol
K3.74 × 10141
pK−141.57
18CuCrystalline solid + 3NH4NO3Ionized aqueous solution
⟶
9Cu2OCrystalline solid + N2↑Gas + 4NH3↑Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−682.2−808.1423.6322.4
per 1 mol of
−37.90−44.8923.5317.91
per 1 mol of
−227.4−269.4141.2107.5
per 1 mol of
−75.80−89.7947.0735.82
per 1 mol of
−682.2−808.1423.6322.4
per 1 mol of
−170.6−202.0105.980.60

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of copper and ammonium nitrate
◆
ΔrG−848.3 kJ/mol
K4.13 × 10148
pK−148.62
18CuCrystalline solid + 3NH4NO3Ionized aqueous solution
⟶
9Cu2OCrystalline solid + N2↑Gas + 4NH3↑Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−819.0−848.399.0–
per 1 mol of
−45.50−47.135.50–
per 1 mol of
−273.0−282.833.0–
per 1 mol of
−91.00−94.2611.0–
per 1 mol of
−819.0−848.399.0–
per 1 mol of
−204.8−212.124.8–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Cu (cr)0[1]0[1]33.150[1]24.435[1]
Cu (g)338.32[1]298.58[1]166.38[1]20.786[1]
NH4NO3 (cr)-365.56[1]-183.87[1]151.08[1]139.3[1]
NH4NO3 (ai)-339.87[1]-190.56[1]259.8[1]-6.7[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Cu2O (cr)-168.6[1]-146.0[1]93.14[1]63.64[1]
N2 (g)0[1]0[1]191.61[1]29.125[1]
NH3 (g)-46.11[1]-16.45[1]192.45[1]35.06[1]
NH3 (ao)-80.29[1]-26.50[1]111.3[1]–
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)