18Li[AlH4] + 16KMnO4 → 9Li2O + 16Mn + 9Al2O3 + 16KH + 28H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
The reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate yields lithium oxide, , aluminium oxide, potassium hydride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li[AlH4] | Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate | 18 | Reducing | Reducing |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 16 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li2O | Lithium oxide | 9 | – | – |
| 16 | Reduced | – | ||
| Al2O3 | Aluminium oxide | 9 | – | – |
| KH | Potassium hydride | 16 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 28 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13901.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −772.289 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −868.825 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1544.58 | – | – | – |
| −868.825 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1544.58 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −868.825 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −496.471 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13818.4 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −767.689 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −863.650 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1535.38 | – | – | – |
| −863.650 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1535.38 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −863.650 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −493.514 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13733 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −762.94 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −858.31 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1525.9 | – | – | – |
| −858.31 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1525.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −858.31 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −490.46 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13780.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −765.589 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −861.288 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1531.18 | – | – | – |
| −861.288 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1531.18 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −861.288 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −492.164 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (5)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13732.0 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −762.889 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −858.250 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1525.78 | – | – | – |
| −858.250 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1525.78 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −858.250 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −490.429 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (6)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13508 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −750.44 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −844.25 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1500.9 | – | – | – |
| −844.25 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1500.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −844.25 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −482.43 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (7)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (8)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (9)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (10)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (11)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (12)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (13)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13876.4 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −770.911 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −867.275 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1541.82 | – | – | – |
| −867.275 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1541.82 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −867.275 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −495.586 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (14)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13793.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −766.311 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −862.100 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1532.62 | – | – | – |
| −862.100 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1532.62 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −862.100 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −492.629 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (15)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13708 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −761.56 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −856.75 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1523.1 | – | – | – |
| −856.75 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1523.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −856.75 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −489.57 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (16)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13755.8 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −764.211 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −859.737 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1528.42 | – | – | – |
| −859.737 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1528.42 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −859.737 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −491.279 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (17)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13707.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −761.511 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −856.700 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1523.02 | – | – | – |
| −856.700 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1523.02 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −856.700 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −489.543 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (18)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −13483 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −749.06 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −842.69 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1498.1 | – | – | – |
| −842.69 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1498.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −842.69 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −481.54 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −14595.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −810.867 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −912.225 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −1621.73 | – | – | – |
| −912.225 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −1621.73 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −912.225 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −521.271 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li[AlH4] (cr) | -116.3[1] | -44.7[1] | 78.74[1] | 83.18[1] |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li2O (cr) | -597.94[1] | -561.18[1] | 37.57[1] | 54.10[1] |
| Li2O (g) | -160.7[1] | -181.6[1] | 231.48[1] | 49.83[1] |
| (cr) α | 0[1] | 0[1] | 32.01[1] | 26.32[1] |
| (cr) β | – | – | 34.39[1] | 26.53[1] |
| (cr) γ | 1.55[1] | 1.42[1] | 32.43[1] | 27.57[1] |
| (g) | 280.7[1] | 238.5[1] | 173.70[1] | 20.79[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) α, corundum | -1675.7[1] | -1582.3[1] | 50.92[1] | 79.04[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) δ | -1666.5[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) ρ | -1657[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) κ | -1662.3[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) γ | -1656.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (am) | -1632[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1998.91[1] | -1841.78[1] | 70.67[1] | 106.19[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) 3 hydrate | -2576.5[1] | – | – | – |
| KH (cr) | -57.74[1] | – | – | – |
| KH (g) | 130[1] | 113[1] | 192.41[1] | 31.049[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (am):Amorphous solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -116.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -44.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 78.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 83.18 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -597.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -561.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 37.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -160.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -181.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 231.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 49.83 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 32.01 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 26.32 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ S°, 34.39 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 26.53 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 1.42 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 32.43 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 27.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 280.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 238.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 173.70 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.79 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1675.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1582.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 50.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 79.04 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1666.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1657. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1662.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1656.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1632. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1998.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1841.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 70.67 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 106.19 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2576.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -57.74 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 130. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 113. kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 192.41 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 31.049 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1