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NH4HCO3 🔥→ NH3↑ + CO2↑ + H2O

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate yields ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Thermal decomposition without redox
Thermally decomposable substanceLewis conjugate
🔥
ProductLewis acid + ProductLewis base

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NH4HCO3Ammonium hydrogencarbonate1
Lewis conjugate
Thermally decomposable

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NH3Ammonia1
Lewis acid
CO2Carbon dioxide1
Lewis acid
H2OWater1
Lewis acid

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
ΔrG18.0 kJ/mol
K0.70 × 10−3
pK3.15
NH4HCO3Crystalline solid
🔥
NH3Gas + CO2Gas + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
124.018.0355.2
124.018.0355.2
per 1 mol of
124.018.0355.2
per 1 mol of
124.018.0355.2
per 1 mol of
124.018.0355.2

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
ΔrG18.13 kJ/mol
K0.67 × 10−3
pK3.18
NH4HCO3Ionized aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Gas + CO2Gas + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
99.0518.13271.5
99.0518.13271.5
per 1 mol of
99.0518.13271.5
per 1 mol of
99.0518.13271.5
per 1 mol of
99.0518.13271.5

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
ΔrG26.51 kJ/mol
K0.23 × 10−4
pK4.64
NH4HCO3Ionized aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Gas + CO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
78.7626.51175.4
78.7626.51175.4
per 1 mol of
78.7626.51175.4
per 1 mol of
78.7626.51175.4
per 1 mol of
78.7626.51175.4

Changes in aqueous solution (3)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
ΔrG8.08 kJ/mol
K0.38 × 10−1
pK1.42
NH4HCO3Ionized aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Un-ionized aqueous solution + CO2Gas + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
64.878.08190.4
64.878.08190.4
per 1 mol of
64.878.08190.4
per 1 mol of
64.878.08190.4
per 1 mol of
64.878.08190.4

Changes in aqueous solution (4)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
ΔrG16.46 kJ/mol
K0.13 × 10−2
pK2.88
NH4HCO3Ionized aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Un-ionized aqueous solution + CO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
44.5816.4694.2
44.5816.4694.2
per 1 mol of
44.5816.4694.2
per 1 mol of
44.5816.4694.2
per 1 mol of
44.5816.4694.2

Changes in aqueous solution (5)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
NH4HCO3Aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Gas + CO2Gas + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
96.3
96.3
per 1 mol of
96.3
per 1 mol of
96.3
per 1 mol of
96.3

Changes in aqueous solution (6)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
NH4HCO3Aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Gas + CO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
76.0
76.0
per 1 mol of
76.0
per 1 mol of
76.0
per 1 mol of
76.0

Changes in aqueous solution (7)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
NH4HCO3Aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Un-ionized aqueous solution + CO2Gas + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
62.1
62.1
per 1 mol of
62.1
per 1 mol of
62.1
per 1 mol of
62.1

Changes in aqueous solution (8)

Decomposition of ammonium hydrogencarbonate
NH4HCO3Aqueous solution
🔥
NH3Un-ionized aqueous solution + CO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
41.8
41.8
per 1 mol of
41.8
per 1 mol of
41.8
per 1 mol of
41.8

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
NH4HCO3 (cr)-849.4[1]-665.9[1]120.9[1]
NH4HCO3 (ai)-824.50[1]-666.07[1]204.6[1]
NH4HCO3 (aq)-821.7[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (aq):Aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
NH3 (g)-46.11[1]-16.45[1]192.45[1]35.06[1]
NH3 (ao)-80.29[1]-26.50[1]111.3[1]
CO2 (g)-393.509[1]-394.359[1]213.74[1]37.11[1]
CO2 (ao)-413.80[1]-385.98[1]117.6[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1