Cd(OH)2 + CO2 → CdCO3 + H2O
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The reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide yields cadmium carbonate and water. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
- Reaction of base and acidic oxide
- Reaction of hydroxide base and acidic oxide
- Reaction of weak hydroxide base and weakly acidic oxide
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide
General equation
- Reaction of base and acidic oxide
- BaseLewis base + Acidic oxideLewis acid + H2O ⟶ Oxoacid saltLewis conjugate + (H2O)
- Reaction of hydroxide base and acidic oxide
- Hydroxide baseLewis base + Acidic oxideLewis acid ⟶ Oxoacid saltLewis conjugate + H2O
- Reaction of weak hydroxide base and weakly acidic oxide
- Weak hydroxide baseLewis base + Weakly acidic oxideLewis acid ⟶ Salt of weak acid and weak baseLewis conjugate + H2O
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cd(OH)2 | Cadmium hydroxide | 1 | Lewis base | Base Hydroxide base Weak hydroxide base |
CO2 | Carbon dioxide | 1 | Lewis acid | Acidic oxide Weakly acidic oxide |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
CdCO3 | Cadmium carbonate | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Oxoacid salt Salt of weak acid and weak base |
H2O | Water | 1 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide◆
ΔrG −38.6 kJ/mol K 5.79 × 106 pK −6.76
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −82.2 | −38.6 | −147 | – |
per 1 mol of | −82.2 | −38.6 | −147 | – |
per 1 mol of | −82.2 | −38.6 | −147 | – |
per 1 mol of | −82.2 | −38.6 | −147 | – |
per 1 mol of | −82.2 | −38.6 | −147 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide◆
ΔrG −77.9 kJ/mol K 4.44 × 1013 pK −13.65
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −77.9 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −77.9 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −77.9 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −77.9 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −77.9 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of cadmium hydroxide and carbon dioxide◆
ΔrG −46.9 kJ/mol K 1.65 × 108 pK −8.22
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −61.9 | −46.9 | −51 | – |
per 1 mol of | −61.9 | −46.9 | −51 | – |
per 1 mol of | −61.9 | −46.9 | −51 | – |
per 1 mol of | −61.9 | −46.9 | −51 | – |
per 1 mol of | −61.9 | −46.9 | −51 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cd(OH)2 (cr) precipitated | -560.7[1] | -473.6[1] | 96[1] | – |
Cd(OH)2 (ai) | -535.89[1] | -392.10[1] | -94.6[1] | – |
Cd(OH)2 (ao) | – | -442.6[1] | – | – |
CO2 (g) | -393.509[1] | -394.359[1] | 213.74[1] | 37.11[1] |
CO2 (ao) | -413.80[1] | -385.98[1] | 117.6[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
CdCO3 (cr) | -750.6[1] | -669.4[1] | 92.5[1] | – |
H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -560.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -473.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 96. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -535.89 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -392.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -94.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -442.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -393.509 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.359 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -413.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -385.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -750.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -669.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 92.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1