CuCl + KMnO4 + 2H+ → Cu2+ + KClO + MnO2 + H2O
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- Reaction of copper(I) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- CuClCopper(I) chloride + KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 2H+Hydrogen ionCu2+Copper(II) ion + KClOPotassium hypochlorite + MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + H2OWater⟶
The reaction of copper(I) chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(II) ion, potassium hypochlorite, manganese(IV) oxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of copper(I) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- CuClCopper(I) chloride + KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 2H+Hydrogen ionCu2+Copper(II) ion + KClOPotassium hypochlorite + MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of copper(I) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuCl | Copper(I) chloride | 1 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 2 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2+ | Copper(II) ion | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| KClO | Potassium hypochlorite | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | 1 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 1 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of copper(I) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −106.4 kJ/mol K 4.37 × 1018 pK −18.64
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −84.75 | −53.20 | −106 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(II) ion | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
per 1 mol of | −169.5 | −106.4 | −211 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuCl (cr) | -137.2[1] | -119.86[1] | 86.2[1] | 48.5[1] |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2+ (g) | 3054.07[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu2+ (ao) | 64.77[1] | 65.49[1] | -99.6[1] | – |
| KClO (ai) | -359.4[1] | -320.0[1] | 146[1] | – |
| MnO2 (cr) | -520.03[1] | -465.14[1] | 53.05[1] | 54.14[1] |
| MnO2 (am) precipitated | -502.5[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -137.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -119.86 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 86.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 48.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 3054.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 64.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 65.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -99.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -359.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -320.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -520.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -465.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 53.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -502.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1