Cu + 2HgSO4 + 4H+ ๐ฅโ CuSO4 + SO2โ + 2Hg2+ + 2H2O
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- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic condition
- + 2HgSO4Mercury(II) sulfate + 4H+Hydrogen ionCuSO4Copper(II) sulfate + SO2โSulfur dioxide + 2Hg2+Mercury(II) ion + 2H2OWater๐ฅโถ
The reaction of , mercury(II) sulfate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(II) sulfate, sulfur dioxide, mercury(II) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic condition
- + 2HgSO4Mercury(II) sulfate + 4H+Hydrogen ionCuSO4Copper(II) sulfate + SO2โSulfur dioxide + 2Hg2+Mercury(II) ion + 2H2OWater๐ฅโถ
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent โถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| HgSO4 | Mercury(II) sulfate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 4 | โ | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuSO4 | Copper(II) sulfate | 1 | Oxidized | โ |
| SO2 | Sulfur dioxide | 1 | Reduced | โ |
| Hg2+ | Mercury(II) ion | 2 | โ | โ |
| H2O | Water | 2 | โ | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG 38.6 kJ/mol K 0.17 ร 10โ6 pK 6.76
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | 38.6 | โ | โ |
| โ | 38.6 | โ | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ | 19.3 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | 9.65 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 38.6 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 38.6 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) ion | โ | 19.3 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 19.3 | โ | โ |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG 38.1 kJ/mol K 0.21 ร 10โ6 pK 6.67
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | 38.1 | โ | โ |
| โ | 38.1 | โ | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ | 19.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | 9.53 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 38.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 38.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) ion | โ | 19.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 19.1 | โ | โ |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG 68.9 kJ/mol K 0.85 ร 10โ12 pK 12.07
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | 68.9 | โ | โ |
| โ | 68.9 | โ | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ | 34.5 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | 17.2 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 68.9 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 68.9 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) ion | โ | 34.5 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 34.5 | โ | โ |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of and mercury(II) sulfate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG 68.5 kJ/mol K 1.00 ร 10โ12 pK 12.00
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | 68.5 | โ | โ |
| โ | 68.5 | โ | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ | 34.3 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | 17.1 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 68.5 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 68.5 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) ion | โ | 34.3 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | 34.3 | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| HgSO4 (cr) | -707.5[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| HgSO4 (ao) | โ | -588.2[1] | โ | โ |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuSO4 (cr) | -771.36[1] | -661.8[1] | 109[1] | 100.0[1] |
| CuSO4 (ai) | -844.50[1] | -679.04[1] | -79.5[1] | โ |
| CuSO4 (ao) | โ | -692.18[1] | โ | โ |
| CuSO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1085.83[1] | -918.11[1] | 146.0[1] | 134[1] |
| CuSO4 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1684.31[1] | -1399.96[1] | 221.3[1] | 205[1] |
| CuSO4 (cr) 5 hydrate | -2279.65[1] | -1879.745[1] | 300.4[1] | 280[1] |
| SO2 (l) | -320.5[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| SO2 (g) | -296.830[1] | -300.194[1] | 248.22[1] | 39.87[1] |
| SO2 (ao) | -322.980[1] | -300.676[1] | 161.9[1] | โ |
| Hg2+ (g) | 2890.47[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| Hg2+ (ao) | 171.1[1] | 164.40[1] | -32.2[1] | โ |
| H2O (cr) | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
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- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 33.150 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 24.435 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 338.32 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 298.58 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 166.38 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 20.786 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -707.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -588.2 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 1536.202 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -771.36 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -661.8 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 109. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 100.0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -844.50 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -679.04 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, -79.5 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -692.18 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1085.83 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -918.11 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 146.0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 134. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1684.31 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -1399.96 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 221.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 205. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -2279.65 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -1879.745 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 300.4 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 280. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -320.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -296.830 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -300.194 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 248.22 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 39.87 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -322.980 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -300.676 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 161.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 2890.47 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 171.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 164.40 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, -32.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -285.830 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -237.129 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 69.91 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 75.291 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -241.818 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -228.572 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 188.825 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 33.577 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1