HCl + 2NaMnO4 + H+ → NaClO3 + 2MnO2 + Na+ + H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
- HClHydrogen chloride + 2NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + H+Hydrogen ionNaClO3Sodium chlorate + 2MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + Na+Sodium ion + H2OWater⟶
The reaction of hydrogen chloride, sodium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium chlorate, manganese(IV) oxide, sodium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
- HClHydrogen chloride + 2NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + H+Hydrogen ionNaClO3Sodium chlorate + 2MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + Na+Sodium ion + H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 1 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| NaMnO4 | Sodium permanganate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 1 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO3 | Sodium chlorate | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | 2 | Reduced | – |
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 1 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 1 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −149.7 kJ/mol K 1.68 × 1026 pK −26.23
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −89.85 | −74.85 | −50.30 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −89.85 | −74.85 | −50.30 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −179.7 | −149.7 | −100.6 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
| HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| NaMnO4 (ai) | -781.6[1] | -709.1[1] | 250.2[1] | – |
| NaMnO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1079.14[1] | – | – | – |
| NaMnO4 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1672.85[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO3 (cr) | -365.774[1] | -262.259[1] | 123.4[1] | – |
| NaClO3 (ai) | -344.09[1] | -269.84[1] | 221.3[1] | – |
| MnO2 (cr) | -520.03[1] | -465.14[1] | 53.05[1] | 54.14[1] |
| MnO2 (am) precipitated | -502.5[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -781.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -709.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 250.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1079.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1672.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -365.774 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -262.259 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -344.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -269.84 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 221.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -520.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -465.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 53.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -502.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1