H2S + 5Cd(OH)2 🔥→ CdSO4 + 4Cd + 6H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide
The reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide yields cadmium sulfate, , and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2S | Hydrogen sulfide | 1 | Reducing | Reducing |
| Cd(OH)2 | Cadmium hydroxide | 5 | Oxidizing | Reducible |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CdSO4 | Cadmium sulfate | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| 4 | Reduced | – | ||
| H2O | Water | 6 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide◆
ΔrG 156.1 kJ/mol K 0.45 × 10−27 pK 27.35
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 175.9 | 156.1 | 64 | – |
per 1 mol of | 175.9 | 156.1 | 64 | – |
per 1 mol of | 35.18 | 31.22 | 13 | – |
per 1 mol of | 175.9 | 156.1 | 64 | – |
| 43.98 | 39.02 | 16 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 29.32 | 26.02 | 11 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide◆
ΔrG 153.7 kJ/mol K 0.12 × 10−26 pK 26.93
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 173.5 | 153.7 | 64 | – |
per 1 mol of | 173.5 | 153.7 | 64 | – |
per 1 mol of | 34.70 | 30.74 | 13 | – |
per 1 mol of | 173.5 | 153.7 | 64 | – |
| 43.38 | 38.42 | 16 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 28.92 | 25.62 | 11 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide◆
ΔrG −4.7 kJ/mol K 6.66 × 100 pK −0.82
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −4.7 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −4.7 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −0.94 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −4.7 | – | – |
| – | −1.2 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | −0.78 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and cadmium hydroxide◆
ΔrG 150.3 kJ/mol K 0.47 × 10−26 pK 26.33
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 194.9 | 150.3 | 149 | – |
per 1 mol of | 194.9 | 150.3 | 149 | – |
per 1 mol of | 38.98 | 30.06 | 29.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 194.9 | 150.3 | 149 | – |
| 48.73 | 37.58 | 37.3 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 32.48 | 25.05 | 24.8 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2S (g) | -20.63[1] | -33.56[1] | 205.79[1] | 34.23[1] |
| H2S (ao) | -39.7[1] | -27.83[1] | 121[1] | – |
| Cd(OH)2 (cr) precipitated | -560.7[1] | -473.6[1] | 96[1] | – |
| Cd(OH)2 (ai) | -535.89[1] | -392.10[1] | -94.6[1] | – |
| Cd(OH)2 (ao) | – | -442.6[1] | – | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CdSO4 (cr) | -933.28[1] | -822.72[1] | 123.039[1] | 99.58[1] |
| CdSO4 (ai) | -985.16[1] | -822.13[1] | -53.1[1] | – |
| CdSO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1239.55[1] | -1068.73[1] | 154.030[1] | 134.56[1] |
| CdSO4 (cr) 8/3 hydrate | -1729.4[1] | -1465.141[1] | 229.630[1] | 213.26[1] |
| (cr) γ | 0[1] | 0[1] | 51.76[1] | 25.98[1] |
| (cr) α | -0.59[1] | -0.59[1] | 51.76[1] | – |
| (g) | 112.01[1] | 77.41[1] | 167.746[1] | 20.786[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -20.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -33.56 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 205.79 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 34.23 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -39.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -27.83 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -560.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -473.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 96. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -535.89 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -392.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -94.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -442.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -933.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -822.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.039 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 99.58 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -985.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -822.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -53.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1239.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1068.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 154.030 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 134.56 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1729.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1465.141 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.630 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 213.26 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 51.76 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 25.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -0.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -0.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 51.76 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 112.01 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 77.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 167.746 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1