Pb(NO3)2 + 2KBr 💧→ PbBr2↓ + 2KNO3
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The reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide yields lead(II) bromide and potassium nitrate. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide
General equation
- Precipitation reaction
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis acid + Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis base💧⟶ Insoluble in water/Very slightly soluble in water/Slightly soluble in waterLewis conjugate + Product(Non-redox product)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb(NO3)2 | Lead(II) nitrate | 1 | Lewis acid | Very soluble in water |
| KBr | Potassium bromide | 2 | Lewis base | Very soluble in water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbBr2 | Lead(II) bromide | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Slightly soluble in water |
| KNO3 | Potassium nitrate | 2 | Non-redox product | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −28.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −28.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −14.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −28.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −14.3 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide◆
ΔrG −0.01 kJ/mol K 1.00 × 100 pK −0.00
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −0.1 | −0.01 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.10 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.050 | −0.00500 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.10 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.050 | −0.00500 | 0.0 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide◆
ΔrG −8.3 kJ/mol K 2.85 × 101 pK −1.45
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −8.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −8.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −4.2 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −8.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −4.2 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb(NO3)2 (cr) | -451.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Pb(NO3)2 (ai) | -416.3[1] | -246.93[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| KBr (cr) | -393.798[1] | -380.66[1] | 95.90[1] | 52.30[1] |
| KBr (g) | -180.08[1] | -212.96[1] | 250.52[1] | 36.920[1] |
| KBr (ai) | -373.92[1] | -387.23[1] | 184.9[1] | -120.1[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbBr2 (cr) | -278.7[1] | -261.92[1] | 161.5[1] | 80.12[1] |
| PbBr2 (ai) | -244.8[1] | -232.34[1] | 175.3[1] | – |
| PbBr2 (ao) | – | -240.6[1] | – | – |
| KNO3 (cr) | -494.63[1] | -394.86[1] | 133.05[1] | 96.40[1] |
| KNO3 (ai) | -459.74[1] | -394.53[1] | 248.9[1] | -64.9[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -451.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -416.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -246.93 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -393.798 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -380.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 95.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 52.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -180.08 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -212.96 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 250.52 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.920 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -373.92 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -387.23 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 184.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -120.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -278.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.92 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 161.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 80.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -244.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -232.34 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 175.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -240.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -494.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.86 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 133.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 96.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -459.74 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 248.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -64.9 J · K−1 · mol−1