LiCl → Li+ + Cl−
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- Electrolytic dissociation of lithium chloride
Electrolytic dissociation of lithium chloride yields lithium ion and chloride ion. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Electrolytic dissociation of lithium chloride
General equation
- Electrolytic dissociation of salt
- SaltLewis conjugate ⟶ CationLewis acid + AnionLewis base
Oxidation state of each atom
- Electrolytic dissociation of lithium chloride
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiCl | Lithium chloride | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Salt |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li+ | Lithium ion | 1 | Lewis acid | Cation |
| Cl− | Chloride ion | 1 | Lewis base | Anion |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Electrolytic dissociation of lithium chloride◆
ΔrG −40.17 kJ/mol K 1.09 × 107 pK −7.04
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −37.04 | −40.17 | 10.6 | −115.8 |
per 1 mol of | −37.04 | −40.17 | 10.6 | −115.8 |
per 1 mol of Lithium ion | −37.04 | −40.17 | 10.6 | −115.8 |
per 1 mol of Chloride ion | −37.04 | −40.17 | 10.6 | −115.8 |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiCl (cr) | -408.61[1] | -384.37[1] | 59.33[1] | 47.99[1] |
| LiCl (g) | -195.4[1] | -216.7[1] | 212.824[1] | 33.22[1] |
| LiCl (ai) | -445.64[1] | -424.58[1] | 69.9[1] | -67.8[1] |
| LiCl (cr) 1 hydrate | -712.58[1] | -631.80[1] | 102.84[1] | – |
| LiCl (cr) 2 hydrate | -1012.65[1] | – | – | – |
| LiCl (cr) 3 hydrate | -1311.3[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li+ (g) | 685.783[1] | – | – | – |
| Li+ (ao) | -278.49[1] | -293.31[1] | 13.4[1] | 68.6[1] |
| Cl− (g) | -233.13[1] | – | – | – |
| Cl− (ao) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -408.61 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.33 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 47.99 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -195.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -216.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 212.824 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.22 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -445.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -424.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -67.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -712.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -631.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1012.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1311.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 685.783 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -278.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -293.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 13.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 68.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -233.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1