MgCl2 + Na2CO3 💧→ MgCO3↓ + 2NaCl
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The reaction of magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate yields magnesium carbonate and sodium chloride. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate
General equation
- Precipitation reaction
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis acid + Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis base💧⟶ Insoluble in water/Very slightly soluble in water/Slightly soluble in waterLewis conjugate + Product(Non-redox product)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgCl2 | Magnesium chloride | 1 | Lewis acid | Very soluble in water |
| Na2CO3 | Sodium carbonate | 1 | Lewis base | Soluble in water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgCO3 | Magnesium carbonate | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Very slightly soluble in water |
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 2 | Non-redox product | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate◆
ΔrG −144.1 kJ/mol K 1.76 × 1025 pK −25.25
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −146.1 | −144.1 | −14.6 | −7.16 |
per 1 mol of | −146.1 | −144.1 | −14.6 | −7.16 |
per 1 mol of | −146.1 | −144.1 | −14.6 | −7.16 |
per 1 mol of | −146.1 | −144.1 | −14.6 | −7.16 |
per 1 mol of | −73.05 | −72.05 | −7.30 | −3.58 |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate◆
ΔrG −29.6 kJ/mol K 1.53 × 105 pK −5.19
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 48.2 | −29.6 | 260.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 48.2 | −29.6 | 260.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 48.2 | −29.6 | 260.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 48.2 | −29.6 | 260.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 24.1 | −14.8 | 130.3 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgCl2 (cr) | -641.32[1] | -591.79[1] | 89.62[1] | 71.38[1] |
| MgCl2 (g) | -400.4[1] | – | – | – |
| MgCl2 (ai) | -801.15[1] | -717.1[1] | -25.1[1] | – |
| MgCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -966.63[1] | -861.74[1] | 137.2[1] | 115.27[1] |
| MgCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1279.72[1] | -1118.00[1] | 179.9[1] | 159.20[1] |
| MgCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1898.99[1] | -1623.29[1] | 264.0[1] | 241.42[1] |
| MgCl2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2499.02[1] | -2114.64[1] | 366.1[1] | 315.06[1] |
| Na2CO3 (cr) | -1130.68[1] | -1044.44[1] | 134.98[1] | 112.30[1] |
| Na2CO3 (ai) | -1157.38[1] | -1051.64[1] | 61.1[1] | – |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1431.26[1] | -1285.31[1] | 168.11[1] | 145.60[1] |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3199.96[1] | -2714.2[1] | 422.2[1] | – |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 10 hydrate | -4081.32[1] | -3427.66[1] | 562.7[1] | 550.32[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgCO3 (cr) | -1095.8[1] | -1012.1[1] | 65.7[1] | 75.52[1] |
| MgCO3 (cr) 3 hydrate | – | -1726.1[1] | – | – |
| MgCO3 (cr) 5 hydrate | – | -2199.2[1] | – | – |
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -641.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -591.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 89.62 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 71.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -400.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -801.15 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -717.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -25.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -966.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -861.74 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 137.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 115.27 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1279.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1118.00 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 179.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 159.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1898.99 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1623.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 241.42 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2499.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2114.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 366.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 315.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1130.68 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1044.44 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 134.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1157.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1051.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 61.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1431.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1285.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 168.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 145.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3199.96 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2714.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 422.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -4081.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3427.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 562.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 550.32 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1095.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1012.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 65.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.52 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1726.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2199.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1