MgI2 + 2HNO3 + 2H+ 🔥→ Mg2+ + I2 + 2NO2↑ + 2H2O
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- Reaction of magnesium iodide and nitric acid under acidic condition
- MgI2Magnesium iodide + 2HNO3Nitric acid + 2H+Hydrogen ionMg2+Magnesium ion + + 2NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + 2H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of magnesium iodide, nitric acid, and hydrogen ion yields magnesium ion, , nitrogen dioxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of magnesium iodide and nitric acid under acidic condition
- MgI2Magnesium iodide + 2HNO3Nitric acid + 2H+Hydrogen ionMg2+Magnesium ion + + 2NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + 2H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of magnesium iodide and nitric acid under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgI2 | Magnesium iodide | 1 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| HNO3 | Nitric acid | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 2 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | Magnesium ion | 1 | – | – |
| 1 | Oxidized | – | ||
| NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide | 2 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 2 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of magnesium iodide and nitric acid under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −29.4 kJ/mol K 1.41 × 105 pK −5.15
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 42.4 | −29.4 | 241.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 42.4 | −29.4 | 241.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | −14.7 | 120.8 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 21.2 | −14.7 | 120.8 | – |
per 1 mol of Magnesium ion | 42.4 | −29.4 | 241.7 | – |
| 42.4 | −29.4 | 241.7 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | −14.7 | 120.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | −14.7 | 120.8 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgI2 (cr) | -364.0[1] | -358.2[1] | 129.7[1] | – |
| MgI2 (g) | -172[1] | – | – | – |
| MgI2 (ai) | -577.22[1] | -558.1[1] | 84.5[1] | – |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
| HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
| HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ (g) | 2348.504[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg2+ (ao) | -466.85[1] | -454.8[1] | -138.1[1] | – |
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 116.135[1] | 54.438[1] |
| (g) | 62.438[1] | 19.327[1] | 260.69[1] | 36.90[1] |
| (ao) | 22.6[1] | 16.40[1] | 137.2[1] | – |
| NO2 (g) | 33.18[1] | 51.31[1] | 240.06[1] | 37.20[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -364.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -358.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 129.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -172. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -577.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -558.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 84.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 2348.504 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -466.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -454.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -138.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 116.135 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.438 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 62.438 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 19.327 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 260.69 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 22.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 16.40 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 137.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 33.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 51.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 240.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1