You-iggy
  1. Home
  2. Chemical reactions
  3. MgSO4 + Na2CO3 💧→ MgCO3↓ + Na2SO4

MgSO4 + Na2CO3 💧→ MgCO3↓ + Na2SO4

Last updated:
Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
MgSO4Magnesium sulfate + Na2CO3Sodium carbonate
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Magnesium carbonate + Na2SO4Sodium sulfate

The reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate yields magnesium carbonate and sodium sulfate. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
MgSO4Magnesium sulfate + Na2CO3Sodium carbonate
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Magnesium carbonate + Na2SO4Sodium sulfate

General equation

Precipitation reaction
Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis acid + Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis base
💧
⟶
Insoluble in water/Very slightly soluble in water/Slightly soluble in waterLewis conjugate + Product(Non-redox product)

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
MgSO4Magnesium sulfate1
Lewis acid
Very soluble in water
Na2CO3Sodium carbonate1
Lewis base
Soluble in water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
MgCO3Magnesium carbonate1
Lewis conjugate
Very slightly soluble in water
Na2SO4Sodium sulfate1
Non-redox product
–

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
◆
ΔrG−67.2 kJ/mol
K5.93 × 1011
pK−11.77
MgSO4Crystalline solid + Na2CO3Crystalline solid
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Crystalline solid + Na2SO4Crystalline solidorthorhombic
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−67.3−67.2−11.3−5.06
per 1 mol of
−67.3−67.2−11.3−5.06
per 1 mol of
−67.3−67.2−11.3−5.06
−67.3−67.2−11.3−5.06
per 1 mol of
−67.3−67.2−11.3−5.06

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
MgSO4Crystalline solid + Na2CO3Crystalline solid
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Crystalline solid + Na2SO4Crystalline solidmetastable
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
––−5.9−3.97
per 1 mol of
––−5.9−3.97
per 1 mol of
––−5.9−3.97
––−5.9−3.97
per 1 mol of
––−5.9−3.97

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
◆
ΔrG−29.3 kJ/mol
K1.36 × 105
pK−5.13
MgSO4Ionized aqueous solution + Na2CO3Ionized aqueous solution
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Crystalline solid + Na2SO4Ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
48.2−29.3260.7–
per 1 mol of
48.2−29.3260.7–
per 1 mol of
48.2−29.3260.7–
48.2−29.3260.7–
per 1 mol of
48.2−29.3260.7–

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate
◆
ΔrG−16.6 kJ/mol
K8.09 × 102
pK−2.91
MgSO4Un-ionized aqueous solution + Na2CO3Ionized aqueous solution
💧
⟶
MgCO3↓Crystalline solid + Na2SO4Ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
28.1−16.6149.8–
per 1 mol of
28.1−16.6149.8–
per 1 mol of
28.1−16.6149.8–
28.1−16.6149.8–
per 1 mol of
28.1−16.6149.8–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
MgSO4 (cr)-1284.9[1]-1170.6[1]91.6[1]96.48[1]
MgSO4 (ai)-1376.12[1]-1199.5[1]-118.0[1]–
MgSO4 (ao)-1356.0[1]-1212.21[1]-7.1[1]–
MgSO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1602.1[1]-1428.7[1]126.4[1]–
MgSO4 (am)
1 hydrate
-1574.9[1]-1404.9[1]138.1[1]–
MgSO4 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1896.2[1]–––
MgSO4 (cr)
4 hydrate
-2496.6[1]–––
MgSO4 (cr)
6 hydrate
-3087.0[1]-2631.8[1]348.1[1]348.11[1]
MgSO4 (cr)
7 hydrate
-3388.71[1]-2871.5[1]372[1]–
Na2CO3 (cr)-1130.68[1]-1044.44[1]134.98[1]112.30[1]
Na2CO3 (ai)-1157.38[1]-1051.64[1]61.1[1]–
Na2CO3 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1431.26[1]-1285.31[1]168.11[1]145.60[1]
Na2CO3 (cr)
7 hydrate
-3199.96[1]-2714.2[1]422.2[1]–
Na2CO3 (cr)
10 hydrate
-4081.32[1]-3427.66[1]562.7[1]550.32[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
MgCO3 (cr)-1095.8[1]-1012.1[1]65.7[1]75.52[1]
MgCO3 (cr)
3 hydrate
–-1726.1[1]––
MgCO3 (cr)
5 hydrate
–-2199.2[1]––
Na2SO4 (cr)
orthorhombic
-1387.08[1]-1270.16[1]149.58[1]128.20[1]
Na2SO4 (cr)
metastable
––154.934[1]129.29[1]
Na2SO4 (ai)-1389.51[1]-1268.36[1]138.1[1]-201[1]
Na2SO4 (cr)
10 hydrate
-4327.26[1]-3646.85[1]592.0[1]–
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)