KCl + HClO3 → KClO3 + HCl↑
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The reaction of potassium chloride and chloric acid yields potassium chlorate and hydrogen chloride. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of potassium chloride and chloric acid
General equation
- Salt of volatile acidBrønsted base + Nonvolatile acidBrønsted acid ⟶ Salt of non volatile acidConjugate base + Volatile acidConjugate acid
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of potassium chloride and chloric acid
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
KCl | Potassium chloride | 1 | Brønsted base | Salt of volatile acid |
HClO3 | Chloric acid | 1 | Brønsted acid | Nonvolatile acid |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
KClO3 | Potassium chlorate | 1 | Conjugate base | Salt of non volatile acid |
HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 1 | Conjugate acid | Volatile acid |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of potassium chloride and chloric acid◆
ΔrG 35.92 kJ/mol K 0.51 × 10−6 pK 6.29
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 74.84 | 35.92 | 130.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | 74.84 | 35.92 | 130.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | 74.84 | 35.92 | 130.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | 74.84 | 35.92 | 130.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | 74.84 | 35.92 | 130.4 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of potassium chloride and chloric acid◆
ΔrG −0.01 kJ/mol K 1.00 × 100 pK −0.00
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −0.01 | −0.01 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.0100 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.0100 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.0100 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −0.0100 | −0.0100 | 0.0 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
KCl (cr) | -436.747[1] | -409.14[1] | 82.59[1] | 51.30[1] |
KCl (g) | -214.14[1] | -233.0[1] | 239.10[1] | 36.48[1] |
KCl (ai) | -419.53[1] | -414.49[1] | 159.0[1] | -114.6[1] |
HClO3 (ai) | -103.97[1] | -7.95[1] | 162.3[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
KClO3 (cr) | -397.73[1] | -296.25[1] | 143.1[1] | 100.25[1] |
KClO3 (ai) | -356.35[1] | -291.22[1] | 264.8[1] | – |
HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -436.747 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -409.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 82.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 51.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -214.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -233.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 239.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -419.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -414.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 159.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -103.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -7.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 162.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -397.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -296.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 143.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 100.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -356.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1