Na2SO4 → Na+ + NaSO4−
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- Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate
Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate yields sodium ion and sodium sulfate ion (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate
General equation
- Electrolytic dissociation of salt
- SaltLewis conjugate ⟶ CationLewis acid + AnionLewis base
Oxidation state of each atom
- Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2SO4 | Sodium sulfate | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Salt |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 1 | Lewis acid | Cation |
| NaSO4− | Sodium sulfate ion | 1 | Lewis base | Anion |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate◆
ΔrG −2.35 kJ/mol K 2.58 × 100 pK −0.41 - Na2SO4Crystalline solidorthorhombicNa+Un-ionized aqueous solution + NaSO4−Un-ionized aqueous solution⟶
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2.26 | −2.35 | 18.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 2.26 | −2.35 | 18.2 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 2.26 | −2.35 | 18.2 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium sulfate ion | 2.26 | −2.35 | 18.2 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Electrolytic dissociation of sodium sulfate
- Na2SO4Crystalline solidmetastableNa+Un-ionized aqueous solution + NaSO4−Un-ionized aqueous solution⟶
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | 12.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | 12.9 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | – | – | 12.9 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium sulfate ion | – | – | 12.9 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2SO4 (cr) orthorhombic | -1387.08[1] | -1270.16[1] | 149.58[1] | 128.20[1] |
| Na2SO4 (cr) metastable | – | – | 154.934[1] | 129.29[1] |
| Na2SO4 (ai) | -1389.51[1] | -1268.36[1] | 138.1[1] | -201[1] |
| Na2SO4 (cr) 10 hydrate | -4327.26[1] | -3646.85[1] | 592.0[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| NaSO4− (ao) | -1144.70[1] | -1010.61[1] | 108.8[1] | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1387.08 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1270.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 149.58 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 128.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ S°, 154.934 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 129.29 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1389.51 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1268.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -201. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -4327.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3646.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 592.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1144.70 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1010.61 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 108.8 J · K−1 · mol−1