H[AuCl4] + NH3 → NH4Cl + AuCl3
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The reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and ammonia yields ammonium chloride and gold(III) chloride. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
- Reaction of acid and base
- Reaction of acid and non hydroxide base
- Reaction of strong acid and weak base
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and ammonia
General equation
- Reaction of acid and base
- AcidBrønsted acid + BaseBrønsted base ⟶ SaltConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
- Reaction of acid and non hydroxide base
- AcidBrønsted acid + Non hydroxide baseBrønsted base ⟶ SaltConjugate acid base
- Reaction of strong acid and weak base
- Strong acidBrønsted acid + Weak baseBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of strong acid and weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and ammonia
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
H[AuCl4] | Tetrachloridoauric(III) acid | 1 | Brønsted acid | Acid Strong acid |
NH3 | Ammonia | 1 | Brønsted base | Base Non hydroxide base Weak base |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
NH4Cl | Ammonium chloride | 1 | Conjugate base Conjugate acid base | Salt Salt of strong acid and weak base |
AuCl3 | Gold(III) chloride | 1 | Conjugate base Conjugate acid base | Salt Salt of strong acid and weak base |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
H[AuCl4] | – | – | – | – |
NH3 (g) | -46.11[1] | -16.45[1] | 192.45[1] | 35.06[1] |
NH3 (ao) | -80.29[1] | -26.50[1] | 111.3[1] | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
NH4Cl (cr) | -314.43[1] | -202.87[1] | 94.6[1] | 84.1[1] |
NH4Cl (ai) | -299.66[1] | -210.52[1] | 169.9[1] | -56.5[1] |
AuCl3 (cr) | -117.6[1] | – | – | – |
AuCl3 (cr) 2 hydrate | -715.0[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -46.11 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -16.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 192.45 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -80.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -26.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 111.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -314.43 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -202.87 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 94.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 84.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -299.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -210.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 169.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -117.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -715.0 kJ · mol−1