Zn(NO3)2 + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + 2HNO3
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- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid
The reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid yields zinc sulfate and nitric acid (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid
General equation
- Salt of volatile acidBrønsted base + Nonvolatile acidBrønsted acid ⟶ Salt of non volatile acidConjugate base + Volatile acidConjugate acid
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zn(NO3)2 | Zinc nitrate | 1 | Brønsted base | Salt of volatile acid |
| H2SO4 | Sulfuric acid | 1 | Brønsted acid | Nonvolatile acid |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZnSO4 | Zinc sulfate | 1 | Conjugate base | Salt of non volatile acid |
| HNO3 | Nitric acid | 2 | Conjugate acid | Volatile acid |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −33.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −33.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −33.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −33.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −16.6 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid◆
ΔrG −13.3 kJ/mol K 2.14 × 102 pK −2.33
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 7.75 | −6.65 | 48.5 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid◆
ΔrG 0.01 kJ/mol K 1.00 × 100 pK 0.00
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.0 | −1 |
per 1 mol of | 0.0100 | 0.0100 | 0.0 | −1 |
per 1 mol of | 0.0100 | 0.0100 | 0.0 | −1 |
per 1 mol of | 0.0100 | 0.0100 | 0.0 | −1 |
per 1 mol of | 0.00500 | 0.00500 | 0.0 | −0.5 |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of zinc nitrate and sulfuric acid◆
ΔrG −13.3 kJ/mol K 2.14 × 102 pK −2.33
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.5 | −13.3 | 97.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 7.75 | −6.65 | 48.5 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zn(NO3)2 (cr) | -483.7[1] | – | – | – |
| Zn(NO3)2 (ai) | -568.61[1] | -369.57[1] | 180.7[1] | -126[1] |
| Zn(NO3)2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -805.0[1] | – | – | – |
| Zn(NO3)2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1110.27[1] | – | – | – |
| Zn(NO3)2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1699.12[1] | – | – | – |
| Zn(NO3)2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2306.64[1] | -1772.71[1] | 456.9[1] | 323.0[1] |
| H2SO4 (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2SO4 (l) | -813.989[1] | -690.003[1] | 156.904[1] | 138.91[1] |
| H2SO4 (ai) | -909.27[1] | -744.53[1] | 20.1[1] | -293[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 1 hydrate | -1127.621[1] | -950.383[1] | 211.54[1] | 214.85[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 2 hydrate | -1427.100[1] | -1199.650[1] | 276.40[1] | 260.83[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 3 hydrate | -1720.402[1] | -1443.980[1] | 345.39[1] | 318.95[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 4 hydrate | -2011.199[1] | -1685.863[1] | 414.59[1] | 382.21[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 6.5 hydrate | -2733.256[1] | -2285.734[1] | 587.89[1] | 570.28[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZnSO4 (cr) | -982.8[1] | -871.5[1] | 110.5[1] | 99.2[1] |
| ZnSO4 (ai) | -1063.15[1] | -891.59[1] | -92.0[1] | -247[1] |
| ZnSO4 (ao) | -1047.7[1] | -904.9[1] | 5.0[1] | – |
| ZnSO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1304.49[1] | -1131.99[1] | 138.5[1] | – |
| ZnSO4 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2777.46[1] | -2324.44[1] | 363.6[1] | 357.69[1] |
| ZnSO4 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3077.75[1] | -2562.67[1] | 388.7[1] | 383.42[1] |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
| HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
| HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -483.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -568.61 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -369.57 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 180.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -126. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -805.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1110.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1699.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2306.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1772.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 456.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 323.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -813.989 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -690.003 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 156.904 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 138.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -909.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -744.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 20.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -293. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1127.621 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -950.383 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 211.54 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 214.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1427.100 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1199.650 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 276.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 260.83 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1720.402 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1443.980 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 345.39 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 318.95 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2011.199 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1685.863 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 414.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 382.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2733.256 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2285.734 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 587.89 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 570.28 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -982.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -871.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 110.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 99.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1063.15 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -891.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -92.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -247. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1047.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -904.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 5.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1304.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1131.99 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2777.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2324.44 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 363.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 357.69 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3077.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2562.67 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 388.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 383.42 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1