2Cu + RbClO4 + 3H+ → 2Cu+ + HClO3 + Rb+ + H2O
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- Reaction of and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
- 2 + RbClO4Rubidium perchlorate + 3H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + HClO3Chloric acid + Rb+Rubidium ion + H2OWater⟶
The reaction of , rubidium perchlorate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(I) ion, chloric acid, rubidium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
- 2 + RbClO4Rubidium perchlorate + 3H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + HClO3Chloric acid + Rb+Rubidium ion + H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| RbClO4 | Rubidium perchlorate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 3 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ | Copper(I) ion | 2 | Oxidized | – |
| HClO3 | Chloric acid | 1 | Reduced | – |
| Rb+ | Rubidium ion | 1 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 1 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −136.59 kJ/mol K 8.50 × 1023 pK −23.93
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −117.14 | −136.59 | 65.3 | – |
| −58.570 | −68.295 | 32.6 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −117.14 | −136.59 | 65.3 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −39.047 | −45.530 | 21.8 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(I) ion | −58.570 | −68.295 | 32.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −117.14 | −136.59 | 65.3 | – |
per 1 mol of Rubidium ion | −117.14 | −136.59 | 65.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −117.14 | −136.59 | 65.3 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| RbClO4 (cr) | -437.23[1] | -306.90[1] | 161.1[1] | – |
| RbClO4 (ai) | -380.49[1] | -292.51[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ (g) | 1089.986[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu+ (ao) | 71.67[1] | 49.98[1] | 40.6[1] | – |
| HClO3 (ai) | -103.97[1] | -7.95[1] | 162.3[1] | – |
| Rb+ (g) | 490.101[1] | – | – | – |
| Rb+ (ao) | -251.17[1] | -283.98[1] | 121.50[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 33.150 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.435 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 338.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 298.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 166.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -437.23 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -306.90 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 161.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -380.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -292.51 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1089.986 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 71.67 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 49.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 40.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -103.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -7.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 162.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 490.101 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -251.17 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1