2LiNO2 + KMnO4 + 6H+ → 2Li+ + KNO3 + NO2+ + Mn3+ + 3H2O
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- Reaction of lithium nitrite and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 2LiNO2Lithium nitrite + KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 6H+Hydrogen ion2Li+Lithium ion + KNO3Potassium nitrate + NO2+Nitronium ion + Mn3+Manganese(III) ion + 3H2OWater⟶
The reaction of lithium nitrite, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields lithium ion, potassium nitrate, nitronium ion, manganese(III) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lithium nitrite and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 2LiNO2Lithium nitrite + KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 6H+Hydrogen ion2Li+Lithium ion + KNO3Potassium nitrate + NO2+Nitronium ion + Mn3+Manganese(III) ion + 3H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lithium nitrite and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiNO2 | Lithium nitrite | 2 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 6 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li+ | Lithium ion | 2 | – | – |
| KNO3 | Potassium nitrate | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| NO2+ | Nitronium ion | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| Mn3+ | Manganese(III) ion | 1 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 3 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiNO2 (cr) | -372.4[1] | -302.0[1] | 96[1] | – |
| LiNO2 (ai) | -383.09[1] | -325.5[1] | 136.8[1] | -28.9[1] |
| LiNO2 (cr) 0.5 hydrate | – | -423.3[1] | – | – |
| LiNO2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -676.1[1] | -544.2[1] | 121[1] | – |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li+ (g) | 685.783[1] | – | – | – |
| Li+ (ao) | -278.49[1] | -293.31[1] | 13.4[1] | 68.6[1] |
| KNO3 (cr) | -494.63[1] | -394.86[1] | 133.05[1] | 96.40[1] |
| KNO3 (ai) | -459.74[1] | -394.53[1] | 248.9[1] | -64.9[1] |
| NO2+ (g) | 967.8[1] | – | – | – |
| Mn3+ (g) | 5776.4[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -372.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -302.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 96. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -325.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 136.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -28.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -423.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -676.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -544.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 685.783 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -278.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -293.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 13.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 68.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -494.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.86 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 133.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 96.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -459.74 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 248.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -64.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 967.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5776.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1