2Li + 2HNO3 → 2LiNO3 + H2↑
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- Reaction of and nitric acid
The reaction of and nitric acid yields lithium nitrate and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and nitric acid
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and nitric acid
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Reducing | Reducing Active metal | ||
HNO3 | Nitric acid | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing Acid |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
LiNO3 | Lithium nitrate | 2 | Oxidized | – Salt |
1 | Reduced | – Hydrogen |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of and nitric acid◆
ΔrG −600.8 kJ/mol K 1.80 × 10105 pK −105.26
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −618.06 | −600.8 | −58.8 | – |
−309.03 | −300.4 | −29.4 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −309.03 | −300.4 | −29.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −309.03 | −300.4 | −29.4 | – |
−618.06 | −600.8 | −58.8 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of and nitric acid◆
ΔrG −586.5 kJ/mol K 5.63 × 10102 pK −102.75
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −556.98 | −586.5 | 100.0 | 116.5 |
−278.49 | −293.3 | 50.00 | 58.25 | |
per 1 mol of | −278.49 | −293.3 | 50.00 | 58.25 |
per 1 mol of | −278.49 | −293.3 | 50.00 | 58.25 |
−556.98 | −586.5 | 100.0 | 116.5 |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of and nitric acid◆
ΔrG −568.9 kJ/mol K 4.64 × 1099 pK −99.67
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −561.2 | −568.9 | 546 | – |
−280.6 | −284.4 | 273 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −280.6 | −284.4 | 273 | – |
per 1 mol of | −280.6 | −284.4 | 273 | – |
−561.2 | −568.9 | 546 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of and nitric acid◆
ΔrG −590.7 kJ/mol K 3.06 × 10103 pK −103.49
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −590.7 | – | – |
– | −295.4 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | −295.4 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −295.4 | – | – |
– | −590.7 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Reaction of and nitric acid◆
ΔrG −573.1 kJ/mol K 2.53 × 10100 pK −100.40
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −573.1 | – | – |
– | −286.6 | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | – | −286.6 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −286.6 | – | – |
– | −573.1 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 29.12[1] | 24.77[1] |
(g) | 159.37[1] | 126.66[1] | 138.77[1] | 20.786[1] |
HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
LiNO3 (cr) | -483.13[1] | -381.1[1] | 90.0[1] | – |
LiNO3 (ai) | -485.85[1] | -404.5[1] | 160.2[1] | -18.0[1] |
LiNO3 (ao) | – | -406.6[1] | – | – |
LiNO3 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1374.4[1] | -1103.5[1] | 223.4[1] | – |
(g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 130.684[1] | 28.824[1] |
(ao) | -4.2[1] | 17.6[1] | 577[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 159.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 126.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -483.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -381.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -485.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -404.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 160.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -18.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -406.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1374.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1103.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 223.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 130.684 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 28.824 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -4.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 17.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 577 J · K−1 · mol−1