2NaCl + 10Hg(OH)2 + 12H+ 🔥→ 2Na+ + 2ClO2↑ + 5Hg22+ + 16H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and mercury(II) hydroxide under acidic condition
- 2NaClSodium chloride + 10Hg(OH)2Mercury(II) hydroxide + 12H+Hydrogen ion2Na+Sodium ion + 2ClO2↑Chlorine dioxide + 5Hg22+Dimercury(I) ion + 16H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of sodium chloride, mercury(II) hydroxide, and hydrogen ion yields sodium ion, chlorine dioxide, dimercury(I) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and mercury(II) hydroxide under acidic condition
- 2NaClSodium chloride + 10Hg(OH)2Mercury(II) hydroxide + 12H+Hydrogen ion2Na+Sodium ion + 2ClO2↑Chlorine dioxide + 5Hg22+Dimercury(I) ion + 16H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and mercury(II) hydroxide under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 2 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| Hg(OH)2 | Mercury(II) hydroxide | 10 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 12 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 2 | – | – |
| ClO2 | Chlorine dioxide | 2 | Oxidized | – |
| Hg22+ | Dimercury(I) ion | 5 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 16 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and mercury(II) hydroxide under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 225.0 kJ/mol K 0.38 × 10−39 pK 39.42
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 380.0 | 225.0 | 522 | – |
per 1 mol of | 190.0 | 112.5 | 261 | – |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) hydroxide | 38.00 | 22.50 | 52.2 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 31.67 | 18.75 | 43.5 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 190.0 | 112.5 | 261 | – |
per 1 mol of | 190.0 | 112.5 | 261 | – |
per 1 mol of Dimercury(I) ion | 76.00 | 45.00 | 104 | – |
per 1 mol of | 23.75 | 14.06 | 32.6 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and mercury(II) hydroxide under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 224.2 kJ/mol K 0.53 × 10−39 pK 39.28
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 324.8 | 224.2 | 338 | – |
per 1 mol of | 162.4 | 112.1 | 169 | – |
per 1 mol of Mercury(II) hydroxide | 32.48 | 22.42 | 33.8 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 27.07 | 18.68 | 28.2 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 162.4 | 112.1 | 169 | – |
per 1 mol of | 162.4 | 112.1 | 169 | – |
per 1 mol of Dimercury(I) ion | 64.96 | 44.84 | 67.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 20.30 | 14.01 | 21.1 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| Hg(OH)2 (ao) | -355.2[1] | -274.8[1] | 142[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| ClO2 (g) | 102.5[1] | 120.5[1] | 256.84[1] | 41.97[1] |
| ClO2 (ao) | 74.9[1] | 120.1[1] | 164.8[1] | – |
| Hg22+ (ao) | 172.4[1] | 153.52[1] | 84.5[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -355.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -274.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 102.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 256.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 41.97 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 74.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 172.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 153.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 84.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1