2NaCl + 3K2Cr2O7 + 16H+ → Na2Cr2O7 + 2KClO3 + 4Cr3+ + 4K+ + 8H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium dichromate under acidic condition
- 2NaClSodium chloride + 3K2Cr2O7Potassium dichromate + 16H+Hydrogen ionNa2Cr2O7Sodium dichromate + 2KClO3Potassium chlorate + 4Cr3+Chromium(III) ion + 4K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater⟶
The reaction of sodium chloride, potassium dichromate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium dichromate, potassium chlorate, chromium(III) ion, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium dichromate under acidic condition
- 2NaClSodium chloride + 3K2Cr2O7Potassium dichromate + 16H+Hydrogen ionNa2Cr2O7Sodium dichromate + 2KClO3Potassium chlorate + 4Cr3+Chromium(III) ion + 4K+Potassium ion + 8H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium dichromate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 2 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| K2Cr2O7 | Potassium dichromate | 3 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 16 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2Cr2O7 | Sodium dichromate | 1 | – | – |
| KClO3 | Potassium chlorate | 2 | Oxidized | – |
| Cr3+ | Chromium(III) ion | 4 | Reduced | – |
| K+ | Potassium ion | 4 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 8 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| K2Cr2O7 (cr) | -2061.5[1] | -1881.8[1] | 291.2[1] | 219.24[1] |
| K2Cr2O7 (ai) | -1994.9[1] | -1867.6[1] | 466.9[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2Cr2O7 (cr) | -1978.6[1] | – | – | – |
| Na2Cr2O7 (ai) | -1970.7[1] | -1824.9[1] | 379.9[1] | – |
| Na2Cr2O7 (cr) 2 hydrate | -2574.8[1] | – | – | – |
| KClO3 (cr) | -397.73[1] | -296.25[1] | 143.1[1] | 100.25[1] |
| KClO3 (ai) | -356.35[1] | -291.22[1] | 264.8[1] | – |
| Cr3+ (g) | 5648.4[1] | – | – | – |
| K+ (g) | 514.26[1] | – | – | – |
| K+ (ao) | -252.38[1] | -283.27[1] | 102.5[1] | 21.8[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2061.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1881.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 291.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 219.24 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1994.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1867.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 466.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1978.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1970.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1824.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 379.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2574.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -397.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -296.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 143.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 100.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -356.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5648.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 514.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -252.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1