2H[AuCl4] + Be(OH)2 → 2AuCl3 + BeCl2 + 2H2O
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The reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and beryllium hydroxide yields gold(III) chloride, beryllium chloride, and water. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
- Reaction of acid and base
- Reaction of acid and hydroxide base
- Reaction of strong acid and weak base
- Reaction of acid and amphoteric hydroxide
- Reaction of strong acid and amphoteric hydroxide
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and beryllium hydroxide
General equation
- Reaction of acid and base
- AcidBrønsted acid + BaseBrønsted base ⟶ SaltConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
- Reaction of acid and hydroxide base
- AcidBrønsted acid + Hydroxide baseBrønsted base ⟶ SaltConjugate base + H2OConjugate acid
- Reaction of strong acid and weak base
- Strong acidBrønsted acid + Weak baseBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of strong acid and weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
- Reaction of acid and amphoteric hydroxide
- AcidBrønsted acid + Amphoteric hydroxideBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of weak baseConjugate base + H2OConjugate acid
- Reaction of strong acid and amphoteric hydroxide
- Strong acidBrønsted acid + Amphoteric hydroxideBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of strong acid and weak baseConjugate base + H2OConjugate acid
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and beryllium hydroxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H[AuCl4] | Tetrachloridoauric(III) acid | 2 | Brønsted acid | Acid Strong acid |
| Be(OH)2 | Beryllium hydroxide | 1 | Brønsted base | Base Hydroxide base Weak base Amphoteric hydroxide |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuCl3 | Gold(III) chloride | 2 | Conjugate base | Salt Salt of strong acid and weak base Salt of weak base |
| BeCl2 | Beryllium chloride | 1 | Conjugate base | Salt Salt of strong acid and weak base Salt of weak base |
| H2O | Water | 2 | Conjugate acid | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H[AuCl4] | – | – | – | – |
| Be(OH)2 (cr) α | -902.5[1] | -815.0[1] | 51.9[1] | – |
| Be(OH)2 (cr) β | -905.8[1] | -817.5[1] | 50[1] | – |
| Be(OH)2 (am) freshly precipitated | -897.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Be(OH)2 (g) | -661[1] | – | – | – |
| Be(OH)2 (am) 0.75 hydrate | -1116.7[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuCl3 (cr) | -117.6[1] | – | – | – |
| AuCl3 (cr) 2 hydrate | -715.0[1] | – | – | – |
| BeCl2 (cr) α | -490.4[1] | -445.6[1] | 82.68[1] | 64.85[1] |
| BeCl2 (cr) β | -495.8[1] | -448.9[1] | 75.81[1] | 62.43[1] |
| BeCl2 (g) | -358.6[1] | – | – | – |
| BeCl2 (aq) | -715.9[1] | – | – | – |
| BeCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1808.3[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (aq):Aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -902.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -815.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 51.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -905.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -817.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 50. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -897.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -661. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1116.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -117.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -715.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -490.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -445.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 82.68 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 64.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -495.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -448.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 75.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 62.43 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -358.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -715.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1808.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1