32NaCl + 34CsClO3 + 66H+ 🔥→ 32Na+ + 24ClO2↑ + 21Cl2O↑ + 34Cs+ + 33H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and caesium chlorate under acidic condition
- 32NaClSodium chloride + 34CsClO3Caesium chlorate + 66H+Hydrogen ion32Na+Sodium ion + 24ClO2↑Chlorine dioxide + 21Cl2O↑Dichlorine monoxide + 34Cs+Caesium ion + 33H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of sodium chloride, caesium chlorate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium ion, chlorine dioxide, dichlorine monoxide, caesium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and caesium chlorate under acidic condition
- 32NaClSodium chloride + 34CsClO3Caesium chlorate + 66H+Hydrogen ion32Na+Sodium ion + 24ClO2↑Chlorine dioxide + 21Cl2O↑Dichlorine monoxide + 34Cs+Caesium ion + 33H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and caesium chlorate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 32 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| CsClO3 | Caesium chlorate | 34 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 66 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 32 | – | – |
| ClO2 | Chlorine dioxide | 24 | Reduced | – |
| Cl2O | Dichlorine monoxide | 21 | Redoxed product | – |
| Cs+ | Caesium ion | 34 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 33 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and caesium chlorate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 1592.2 kJ/mol K 0.11 × 10−278 pK 278.94
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3597.7 | 1592.2 | 6733.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 112.43 | 49.756 | 210.43 | – |
per 1 mol of | 105.81 | 46.829 | 198.05 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 54.511 | 24.124 | 102.03 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 112.43 | 49.756 | 210.43 | – |
per 1 mol of | 149.90 | 66.342 | 280.57 | – |
per 1 mol of | 171.32 | 75.819 | 320.65 | – |
per 1 mol of Caesium ion | 105.81 | 46.829 | 198.05 | – |
per 1 mol of | 109.02 | 48.248 | 204.05 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of sodium chloride and caesium chlorate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 1582.6 kJ/mol K 0.55 × 10−277 pK 277.26
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2935.3 | 1582.6 | 4524.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 91.728 | 49.456 | 141.40 | – |
per 1 mol of | 86.332 | 46.547 | 133.08 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 44.474 | 23.979 | 68.556 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 91.728 | 49.456 | 141.40 | – |
per 1 mol of | 122.30 | 65.942 | 188.53 | – |
per 1 mol of | 139.78 | 75.362 | 215.46 | – |
per 1 mol of Caesium ion | 86.332 | 46.547 | 133.08 | – |
per 1 mol of | 88.948 | 47.958 | 137.11 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| CsClO3 (cr) | -411.7[1] | -307.9[1] | 156.1[1] | – |
| CsClO3 (ai) | -362.25[1] | -299.97[1] | 295.4[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| ClO2 (g) | 102.5[1] | 120.5[1] | 256.84[1] | 41.97[1] |
| ClO2 (ao) | 74.9[1] | 120.1[1] | 164.8[1] | – |
| Cl2O (g) | 80.3[1] | 97.9[1] | 266.21[1] | 45.40[1] |
| Cs+ (g) | 457.964[1] | – | – | – |
| Cs+ (ao) | -258.28[1] | -292.02[1] | 133.05[1] | -10.5[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -307.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 156.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -362.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -299.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 295.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 102.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 256.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 41.97 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 74.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 80.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 97.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 45.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 457.964 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -258.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -292.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 133.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -10.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1