3C4H9OH + 2H2CrO4 + 6H+ → 3C3H7CHO + 2Cr3+ + 8H2O
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- Reaction of , chromic acid, and hydrogen ion
The reaction of , chromic acid, and hydrogen ion yields , chromium(III) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of , chromic acid, and hydrogen ion
General equation
- Oxidation of alcohol to aldehyde with chromium vi compound
- AlcoholReducing agent + Chromium vi compoundOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ AldehydeOxidation product + Cr3+Reduction product + Cation(Non-redox product) + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of , chromic acid, and hydrogen ion
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
3 | Reducing | Alcohol | ||
H2CrO4 | Chromic acid | 2 | Oxidizing | Chromium vi compound |
H+ | Hydrogen ion | 6 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(l) | -327.3[1] | -162.5[1] | 225.8[1] | 177.0[1] |
(g) | -275.0[1] | -150.8[1] | 362.8[1] | 122.6[1] |
H2CrO4 | – | – | – | – |
H+ (g) | 1536.202[2] | – | – | – |
H+ (ao) | 0[2] | 0[2] | 0[2] | 0[2] |
* (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(l) | -239.2[1] | – | – | 163.7[1] |
(g) | -204.9[1] | -114.8[1] | 243.7[1] | 103.4[1] |
Cr3+ (g) | 5648.4[2] | – | – | – |
H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
H2O (l) | -285.830[2] | -237.129[2] | 69.91[2] | 75.291[2] |
H2O (g) | -241.818[2] | -228.572[2] | 188.825[2] | 33.577[2] |
* (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (cr):Crystalline solid
References
List of references
- 1James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- ^ ΔfH°, -327.3 kJ · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ ΔfG°, -162.5 kJ · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ S°, 225.8 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ Cp°, 177.0 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ ΔfH°, -275.0 kJ · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ ΔfG°, -150.8 kJ · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ S°, 362.8 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ Cp°, 122.6 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.950
- ^ ΔfH°, -239.2 kJ · mol−1 - p.949
- ^ Cp°, 163.7 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.949
- ^ ΔfH°, -204.9 kJ · mol−1 - p.949
- ^ ΔfG°, -114.8 kJ · mol−1 - p.949
- ^ S°, 243.7 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.949
- ^ Cp°, 103.4 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.949
- 2Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5648.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1