3NH4ClO4 🔥→ 3NH2OH + 3HClO2 + O3↑
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- Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate yields hydroxylamine, chlorous acid, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
General equation
- Thermal decomposition with redox
- Thermally decomposable substanceSelf redox agent🔥⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
- Thermal decomposition of oxoacid salt with redox
- Oxoacid saltSelf redox agent🔥⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH4ClO4 | Ammonium perchlorate | 3 | Self redox agent | Thermally decomposable Oxoacid salt |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH2OH | Hydroxylamine | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| HClO2 | Chlorous acid | 3 | Reduced | – |
| 1 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 477.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 159.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydroxylamine | 159.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 159.2 | – | – | – |
| 477.6 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 460.8 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 153.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydroxylamine | 153.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 153.6 | – | – | – |
| 460.8 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH4ClO4 (cr) | -295.31[1] | -88.75[1] | 186.2[1] | – |
| NH4ClO4 (ai) | -261.83[1] | -87.83[1] | 295.4[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH2OH (cr) | -114.2[1] | – | – | – |
| NH2OH (aq) | -98.3[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO2 (ao) | -51.9[1] | 5.9[1] | 188.3[1] | – |
| (g) | 142.7[1] | 163.2[1] | 238.93[1] | 39.20[1] |
| (ao) | 125.9[1] | 174.1[1] | 146[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (aq):Aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -295.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -88.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -261.83 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -87.83 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 295.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -114.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -98.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -51.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 5.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 142.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 163.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 238.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 39.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 125.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 174.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146. J · K−1 · mol−1