3Na2S + 8KMnO4 → 3Na2O + 3K2SO4 + 8MnO2 + K2O
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The reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate yields sodium oxide, potassium sulfate, manganese(IV) oxide, and potassium oxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2S | Sodium sulfide | 3 | Reducing | Reducing |
KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 8 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2O | Sodium oxide | 3 | – | – |
K2SO4 | Potassium sulfate | 3 | Oxidized | – |
MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | 8 | Reduced | – |
K2O | Potassium oxide | 1 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate◆
ΔrG −2183.5 kJ/mol K 3.41 × 10382 pK −382.53
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2285.8 | −2183.5 | −354.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −761.93 | −727.83 | −118.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −285.73 | −272.94 | −44.30 | – |
per 1 mol of | −761.93 | −727.83 | −118.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −761.93 | −727.83 | −118.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −285.73 | −272.94 | −44.30 | – |
per 1 mol of | −2285.8 | −2183.5 | −354.4 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2145.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −715.17 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −268.19 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −715.17 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −715.17 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −268.19 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −2145.5 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of sodium sulfide and potassium permanganate◆
ΔrG −1944.5 kJ/mol K 4.59 × 10340 pK −340.66
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2314.2 | −1944.5 | −1240.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −771.40 | −648.17 | −413.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | −289.27 | −243.06 | −155.06 | – |
per 1 mol of | −771.40 | −648.17 | −413.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | −771.40 | −648.17 | −413.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | −289.27 | −243.06 | −155.06 | – |
per 1 mol of | −2314.2 | −1944.5 | −1240.5 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2S (cr) | -364.8[1] | -349.8[1] | 83.7[1] | – |
Na2S (ai) | -447.3[1] | -438.1[1] | 103.3[1] | – |
Na2S (cr) 4.5 hydrate | -1725.9[1] | – | – | – |
Na2S (cr) 5 hydrate | -1886.6[1] | – | – | – |
Na2S (cr) 9 hydrate | -3074.0[1] | – | – | – |
KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2O (cr) | -414.22[1] | -375.46[1] | 75.06[1] | 69.12[1] |
Na2O (g) | -35.6[1] | -52.3[1] | 261.2[1] | 55.2[1] |
K2SO4 (cr) | -1437.79[1] | -1321.37[1] | 175.56[1] | 131.46[1] |
K2SO4 (g) | -1096[1] | -1033[1] | 364[1] | 108.8[1] |
K2SO4 (ai) | -1414.02[1] | -1311.07[1] | 225.1[1] | -251[1] |
MnO2 (cr) | -520.03[1] | -465.14[1] | 53.05[1] | 54.14[1] |
MnO2 (am) precipitated | -502.5[1] | – | – | – |
K2O (cr) | -361.5[1] | -322.1[2] | 94.1[2] | 83.7[2] |
K2O (g) | -63[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -364.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -349.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -447.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -438.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 103.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1725.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1886.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3074.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -414.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -375.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 75.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 69.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -35.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -52.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 261.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1437.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1321.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 175.56 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 131.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1096. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1033. kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 364. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 108.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1414.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1311.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 225.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -251. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -520.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -465.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 53.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -502.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -361.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -63. kJ · mol−1
- 2James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- ^ ΔfG°, -322.1 kJ · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ S°, 94.1 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ Cp°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280