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3Sn + 4HNO3 → 3SnO2 + 4NO↑ + 2H2O

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Reaction of tin and nitric acid
3SnTin + 4HNO3Nitric acid
⟶
3SnO2Tin(IV) oxide + 4NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 2H2OWater

The reaction of tin and nitric acid yields tin(IV) oxide, nitrogen monoxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of tin and nitric acid
3SnTin + 4HNO3Nitric acid
⟶
3SnO2Tin(IV) oxide + 4NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 2H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of tin and nitric acid

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
SnTin3
Reducing
Reducing
HNO3Nitric acid4
Oxidizing
Oxidizing

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
SnO2Tin(IV) oxide3
Oxidized
–
NONitrogen monoxide4
Reduced
–
H2OWater2
–
–

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of tin and nitric acid
◆
ΔrG−1364.0 kJ/mol
K9.17 × 10238
pK−238.96
3SnCrystalline solidwhite + 4HNO3Liquid
⟶
3SnO2Crystalline solid + 4NO↑Gas + 2H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−1256.4−1364.0362.7−92.72
per 1 mol of
−418.80−454.67120.9−30.91
per 1 mol of
−314.10−341.0090.67−23.18
per 1 mol of
−418.80−454.67120.9−30.91
per 1 mol of
−314.10−341.0090.67−23.18
per 1 mol of
−628.20−682.00181.3−46.36

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of tin and nitric acid
◆
ΔrG−1364.4 kJ/mol
K1.08 × 10239
pK−239.03
3SnCrystalline solidgray + 4HNO3Liquid
⟶
3SnO2Crystalline solid + 4NO↑Gas + 2H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−1250.1−1364.4384.9−89.06
per 1 mol of
−416.70−454.80128.3−29.69
per 1 mol of
−312.52−341.1096.22−22.27
per 1 mol of
−416.70−454.80128.3−29.69
per 1 mol of
−312.52−341.1096.22−22.27
per 1 mol of
−625.05−682.20192.4−44.53

Changes in aqueous solution

Reaction of tin and nitric acid
◆
ΔrG−1241.9 kJ/mol
K3.73 × 10217
pK−217.57
3SnCrystalline solidwhite + 4HNO3Ionized aqueous solution
⟶
3SnO2Crystalline solid + 4NO↑Gas + 2H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−1123.3−1241.9399.5693.2
per 1 mol of
−374.43−413.97133.2231.1
per 1 mol of
−280.82−310.4899.88173.3
per 1 mol of
−374.43−413.97133.2231.1
per 1 mol of
−280.82−310.4899.88173.3
per 1 mol of
−561.65−620.95199.8346.6

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Sn (cr)
white
0[1]0[1]51.55[1]26.99[1]
Sn (cr)
gray
-2.09[1]0.13[1]44.14[1]25.77[1]
Sn (g)302.1[1]267.3[1]168.486[1]21.259[1]
HNO3 (l)-174.10[1]-80.71[1]155.60[1]109.87[1]
HNO3 (g)-135.06[1]-74.72[1]266.38[1]53.35[1]
HNO3 (ai)-207.36[1]-111.25[1]146.4[1]-86.6[1]
HNO3 (l)
1 hydrate
-473.46[1]-328.77[1]216.90[1]182.46[1]
HNO3 (l)
3 hydrate
-1056.04[1]-811.09[1]346.98[1]325.14[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
SnO2 (cr)-580.7[1]-519.6[1]52.3[1]52.59[1]
NO (g)90.25[1]86.55[1]210.761[1]29.844[1]
H2O (cr)––––
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)