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  3. 40Cu + 16Cd(NO3)2 + 60H^+ ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 13Cu(NO3)2 + 27Cu^2+ + 16Cd + 6NH4^+ + 18H2O

40Cu + 16Cd(NO3)2 + 60H+ ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 13Cu(NO3)2 + 27Cu2+ + 16Cd + 6NH4+ + 18H2O

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Reaction of copper and cadmium nitrate under acidic condition
40CuCopper + 16Cd(NO3)2Cadmium nitrate + 60H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
13Cu(NO3)2Copper(II) nitrate + 27Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 16CdCadmium + 6NH4+Ammonium ion + 18H2OWater

The reaction of copper, cadmium nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(II) nitrate, copper(II) ion, cadmium, ammonium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of copper and cadmium nitrate under acidic condition
40CuCopper + 16Cd(NO3)2Cadmium nitrate + 60H+Hydrogen ion
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
13Cu(NO3)2Copper(II) nitrate + 27Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 16CdCadmium + 6NH4+Ammonium ion + 18H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of copper and cadmium nitrate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
CuCopper40
Reducing
Oxidizable
Cd(NO3)2Cadmium nitrate16
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion60
โ€“
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Cu(NO3)2Copper(II) nitrate13
Oxidized
โ€“
Cu2+Copper(II) ion27
Oxidized
โ€“
CdCadmium16
Reduced
โ€“
NH4+Ammonium ion6
Reduced
โ€“
H2OWater18
โ€“
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of copper and cadmium nitrate under acidic condition
โ—†
ฮ”rGโˆ’215.45 kJ/mol
K5.56 ร— 1037
pKโˆ’37.75
40CuCrystalline solid + 16Cd(NO3)2Ionized aqueous solution + 60H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
13Cu(NO3)2Ionized aqueous solution + 27Cu2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 16CdCrystalline solidฮณ + 6NH4+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 18H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โˆ’890.64โˆ’215.45โˆ’2250.6โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’22.266โˆ’5.3862โˆ’56.265โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’55.665โˆ’13.466โˆ’140.66โ€“
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
โˆ’14.844โˆ’3.5908โˆ’37.510โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’68.511โˆ’16.573โˆ’173.12โ€“
per 1 mol of
Copper(II) ion
โˆ’32.987โˆ’7.9796โˆ’83.356โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’55.665โˆ’13.466โˆ’140.66โ€“
per 1 mol of
Ammonium ion
โˆ’148.44โˆ’35.908โˆ’375.10โ€“
per 1 mol of
โˆ’49.480โˆ’11.969โˆ’125.03โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Cu (cr)0[1]0[1]33.150[1]24.435[1]
Cu (g)338.32[1]298.58[1]166.38[1]20.786[1]
Cd(NO3)2 (cr)-456.31[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cd(NO3)2 (ai)-490.62[1]-300.11[1]219.7[1]โ€“
Cd(NO3)2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1055.62[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cd(NO3)2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1648.96[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
H+ (g)1536.202[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Cu(NO3)2 (cr)-302.9[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cu(NO3)2 (ai)-349.95[1]-157.02[1]193.3[1]โ€“
Cu(NO3)2 (cr)
3 hydrate
-1217.1[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cu(NO3)2 (cr)
6 hydrate
-2110.8[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cu2+ (g)3054.07[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
Cu2+ (ao)64.77[1]65.49[1]-99.6[1]โ€“
Cd (cr)
ฮณ
0[1]0[1]51.76[1]25.98[1]
Cd (cr)
ฮฑ
-0.59[1]-0.59[1]51.76[1]โ€“
Cd (g)112.01[1]77.41[1]167.746[1]20.786[1]
NH4+ (ao)-132.51[1]-79.31[1]113.4[1]79.9[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)