4CuCO3 + 6e− → 2Cu2O + CO↑ + 3CO32−
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- Reduction of copper(II) carbonate
- 4CuCO3Copper(II) carbonate + 6e−Electron2Cu2OCopper(I) oxide + CO↑Carbon monoxide + 3CO32−Carbonate ion⟶
Reduction of copper(II) carbonate yields copper(I) oxide, carbon monoxide, and carbonate ion (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reduction of copper(II) carbonate
- 4CuCO3Copper(II) carbonate + 6e−Electron2Cu2OCopper(I) oxide + CO↑Carbon monoxide + 3CO32−Carbonate ion⟶
General equation
- Reduction of reducible species
- ReactantOxidizing agent + e− ⟶ ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reduction of copper(II) carbonate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuCO3 | Copper(II) carbonate | 4 | Oxidizing | – |
| e− | Electron | 6 | – | Electron |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2O | Copper(I) oxide | 2 | Reduced | – |
| CO | Carbon monoxide | 1 | Reduced | – |
| CO32− | Carbonate ion | 3 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuCO3 | – | – | – | – |
| e− | – | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2O (cr) | -168.6[1] | -146.0[1] | 93.14[1] | 63.64[1] |
| CO (g) | -110.525[1] | -137.168[1] | 197.674[1] | 29.142[1] |
| CO (ao) | -120.96[1] | -119.90[1] | 104.6[1] | – |
| CO32− (ao) | -677.14[1] | -527.81[1] | -56.9[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -168.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -146.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 93.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 63.64 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -110.525 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -137.168 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 197.674 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.142 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -120.96 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -119.90 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 104.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -527.81 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -56.9 J · K−1 · mol−1