4HCl + 2CaCr2O7 + 12H+ → Ca(ClO3)2 + 4Cr3+ + CaCl2 + 8H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and calcium dichromate under acidic condition
- 4HClHydrogen chloride + 2CaCr2O7Calcium dichromate + 12H+Hydrogen ionCa(ClO3)2Calcium chlorate + 4Cr3+Chromium(III) ion + CaCl2Calcium chloride + 8H2OWater⟶
The reaction of hydrogen chloride, calcium dichromate, and hydrogen ion yields calcium chlorate, chromium(III) ion, calcium chloride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and calcium dichromate under acidic condition
- 4HClHydrogen chloride + 2CaCr2O7Calcium dichromate + 12H+Hydrogen ionCa(ClO3)2Calcium chlorate + 4Cr3+Chromium(III) ion + CaCl2Calcium chloride + 8H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and calcium dichromate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 4 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| CaCr2O7 | Calcium dichromate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 12 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO3)2 | Calcium chlorate | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| Cr3+ | Chromium(III) ion | 4 | Reduced | – |
| CaCl2 | Calcium chloride | 1 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 8 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
| HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| CaCr2O7 | – | – | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO3)2 | – | – | – | – |
| Cr3+ (g) | 5648.4[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) | -795.8[1] | -748.1[1] | 104.6[1] | 72.59[1] |
| CaCl2 (g) | -471.5[1] | -479.24[1] | 290.27[1] | 59.33[1] |
| CaCl2 (ai) | -877.13[1] | -816.01[1] | 59.8[1] | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1109.2[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1402.9[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -2009.6[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2607.9[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5648.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -795.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -748.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 104.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 72.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -471.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -479.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 290.27 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 59.33 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -877.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -816.01 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1109.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1402.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2009.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2607.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1