4KI + NH4ClO3 + H2O ๐ฅโ KClO + 3KOH + 2I2 + NH3โ
Last updated:
- Reaction of potassium iodide and ammonium chlorate under neutral condition
- 4KIPotassium iodide + NH4ClO3Ammonium chlorate + H2OWaterKClOPotassium hypochlorite + 3KOHPotassium hydroxide + 2 + NH3โAmmonia๐ฅโถ
The reaction of potassium iodide, ammonium chlorate, and water yields potassium hypochlorite, potassium hydroxide, , and ammonia (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of potassium iodide and ammonium chlorate under neutral condition
- 4KIPotassium iodide + NH4ClO3Ammonium chlorate + H2OWaterKClOPotassium hypochlorite + 3KOHPotassium hydroxide + 2 + NH3โAmmonia๐ฅโถ
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent โถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of potassium iodide and ammonium chlorate under neutral condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI | Potassium iodide | 4 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| NH4ClO3 | Ammonium chlorate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
| H2O | Water | 1 | โ | Water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KClO | Potassium hypochlorite | 1 | Reduced | โ |
| KOH | Potassium hydroxide | 3 | โ | โ |
| 2 | Oxidized | โ | ||
| NH3 | Ammonia | 1 | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and ammonium chlorate under neutral conditionโ
ฮrG 38.6 kJ/mol K 0.17 ร 10โ6 pK 6.76
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ54.8 | 38.6 | โ313 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ13.7 | 9.65 | โ78.3 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ54.8 | 38.6 | โ313 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ54.8 | 38.6 | โ313 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ54.8 | 38.6 | โ313 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ18.3 | 12.9 | โ104 | โ |
| โ27.4 | 19.3 | โ157 | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ54.8 | 38.6 | โ313 | โ |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and ammonium chlorate under neutral conditionโ
ฮrG 28.6 kJ/mol K 0.98 ร 10โ5 pK 5.01
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ89.0 | 28.6 | โ394 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ22.3 | 7.15 | โ98.5 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ89.0 | 28.6 | โ394 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ89.0 | 28.6 | โ394 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ89.0 | 28.6 | โ394 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ29.7 | 9.53 | โ131 | โ |
| โ44.5 | 14.3 | โ197 | โ | |
per 1 mol of | โ89.0 | 28.6 | โ394 | โ |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI (cr) | -327.900[1] | -324.892[1] | 106.32[1] | 52.93[1] |
| KI (g) | -125.5[1] | -166.1[1] | 258.3[1] | 37.11[1] |
| KI (ai) | -307.57[1] | -334.85[1] | 213.8[1] | -120.5[1] |
| NH4ClO3 (ai) | -236.48[1] | -87.26[1] | 275.7[1] | โ |
| H2O (cr) | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KClO (ai) | -359.4[1] | -320.0[1] | 146[1] | โ |
| KOH (cr) | -424.764[1] | -379.08[1] | 78.9[1] | 64.9[1] |
| KOH (g) | -231.0[1] | -232.6[1] | 238.3[1] | 49.20[1] |
| KOH (ai) | -482.37[1] | -440.50[1] | 91.6[1] | -126.8[1] |
| KOH (cr) 1 hydrate | -748.9[1] | -645.1[1] | 117.2[1] | โ |
| KOH (cr) 2 hydrate | -1051.0[1] | -887.3[1] | 150.6[1] | โ |
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 116.135[1] | 54.438[1] |
| (g) | 62.438[1] | 19.327[1] | 260.69[1] | 36.90[1] |
| (ao) | 22.6[1] | 16.40[1] | 137.2[1] | โ |
| NH3 (g) | -46.11[1] | -16.45[1] | 192.45[1] | 35.06[1] |
| NH3 (ao) | -80.29[1] | -26.50[1] | 111.3[1] | โ |
* (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -327.900 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -324.892 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 106.32 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 52.93 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -125.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -166.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 258.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 37.11 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -307.57 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -334.85 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 213.8 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -120.5 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -236.48 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -87.26 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 275.7 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -285.830 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -237.129 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 69.91 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 75.291 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -241.818 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -228.572 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 188.825 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 33.577 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -359.4 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -320.0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 146. J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -424.764 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -379.08 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 78.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 64.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -231.0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -232.6 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 238.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 49.20 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -482.37 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -440.50 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 91.6 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -126.8 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -748.9 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -645.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 117.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -1051.0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -887.3 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 150.6 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 116.135 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 54.438 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 62.438 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 19.327 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 260.69 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 36.90 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 22.6 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 16.40 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 137.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -46.11 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -16.45 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 192.45 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 35.06 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -80.29 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -26.50 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 111.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1