4RbCl + 14HNO3 🔥→ 4RbNO3 + 4ClO2↑ + 5N2O3↑ + 7H2O
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- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid
The reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid yields rubidium nitrate, chlorine dioxide, dinitrogen trioxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RbCl | Rubidium chloride | 4 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| HNO3 | Nitric acid | 14 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RbNO3 | Rubidium nitrate | 4 | – | – |
| ClO2 | Chlorine dioxide | 4 | Oxidized | – |
| N2O3 | Dinitrogen trioxide | 5 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 7 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid◆
ΔrG 697.4 kJ/mol K 0.66 × 10−122 pK 122.18
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1026.4 | 697.4 | 1105.3 | −316.3 |
per 1 mol of | 256.60 | 174.3 | 276.32 | −79.08 |
per 1 mol of | 73.314 | 49.81 | 78.950 | −22.59 |
per 1 mol of | 256.60 | 174.3 | 276.32 | −79.08 |
per 1 mol of | 256.60 | 174.3 | 276.32 | −79.08 |
per 1 mol of | 205.28 | 139.5 | 221.06 | −63.26 |
per 1 mol of | 146.63 | 99.63 | 157.90 | −45.19 |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid◆
ΔrG 1156.7 kJ/mol K 0.23 × 10−202 pK 202.65
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1570.0 | 1156.7 | 1387.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 392.50 | 289.18 | 346.95 | – |
per 1 mol of | 112.14 | 82.621 | 99.129 | – |
per 1 mol of | 392.50 | 289.18 | 346.95 | – |
per 1 mol of | 392.50 | 289.18 | 346.95 | – |
per 1 mol of | 314.00 | 231.34 | 277.56 | – |
per 1 mol of | 224.29 | 165.24 | 198.26 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of rubidium chloride and nitric acid◆
ΔrG 1155.1 kJ/mol K 0.43 × 10−202 pK 202.36
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1459.6 | 1155.1 | 1019.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 364.90 | 288.77 | 254.90 | – |
per 1 mol of | 104.26 | 82.507 | 72.829 | – |
per 1 mol of | 364.90 | 288.77 | 254.90 | – |
per 1 mol of | 364.90 | 288.77 | 254.90 | – |
per 1 mol of | 291.92 | 231.02 | 203.92 | – |
per 1 mol of | 208.51 | 165.01 | 145.66 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RbCl (cr) | -435.35[1] | -407.80[1] | 95.90[1] | 52.38[1] |
| RbCl (g) | -228.9[1] | -247.3[1] | 249.56[1] | 36.82[1] |
| RbCl (ai) | -418.32[1] | -415.20[1] | 177.99[1] | – |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
| HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
| HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RbNO3 (cr) | -495.05[1] | -395.78[1] | 147.3[1] | 102.1[1] |
| RbNO3 (ai) | -458.52[1] | -395.24[1] | 267.8[1] | – |
| ClO2 (g) | 102.5[1] | 120.5[1] | 256.84[1] | 41.97[1] |
| ClO2 (ao) | 74.9[1] | 120.1[1] | 164.8[1] | – |
| N2O3 (l) | 50.29[1] | – | – | – |
| N2O3 (g) | 83.72[1] | 139.46[1] | 312.28[1] | 65.61[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -435.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -407.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 95.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 52.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -228.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -247.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 249.56 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.82 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -418.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -415.20 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 177.99 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -495.05 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -395.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 147.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 102.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -458.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -395.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 267.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 102.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 256.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 41.97 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 74.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 50.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 83.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 139.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 312.28 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 65.61 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1