Home
Chemical reactions
4NaCl + PbO2 + 4H^+ 🔥→ 4Na^+ + Cl2↑ + PbCl2 + 2H2O

4NaCl + PbO₂ + 4H⁺ 🔥→ 4Na⁺ + Cl₂↑ + PbCl₂ + 2H₂O

Last updated: June 13, 2022

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition: 4NaClSodium chloride + PbO₂Lead(IV) oxide + 4H⁺Hydrogen ion
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Sodium ion + Cl₂↑Chlorine + PbCl₂Lead(II) chloride + 2H₂OWater

The reaction of sodium chloride, lead(IV) oxide, and hydrogen ion yields sodium ion, chlorine, lead(II) chloride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition

Table of contents

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition: 4NaClSodium chloride + PbO₂Lead(IV) oxide + 4H⁺Hydrogen ion
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Sodium ion + Cl₂↑Chlorine + PbCl₂Lead(II) chloride + 2H₂OWater

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition: Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H⁺Non-redox agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H₂ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formula	Name	Coefficient	Type	Type in general equation
NaCl	Sodium chloride	4	Reducing	Hardly oxidizable
PbO₂	Lead(IV) oxide	1	Oxidizing	Oxidizing under acidic condition
H⁺	Hydrogen ion	4	–	Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formula	Name	Coefficient	Type	Type in general equation
Na⁺	Sodium ion	4	–	–
Cl₂	Chlorine	1	Oxidized	–
PbCl₂	Lead(II) chloride	1	Reduced	–
H₂O	Water	2	–	Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −18.88 kJ/mol K 2.03 × 10³ pK −3.31: 4NaClIonized aqueous solution + PbO₂Crystalline solid + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + Cl₂↑Gas + PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	38.3	−18.88	191.7	–
per 1 mol of Sodium chloride	9.57	−4.720	47.92	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	38.3	−18.88	191.7	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	9.57	−4.720	47.92	–
per 1 mol of Sodium ion	9.57	−4.720	47.92	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	38.3	−18.88	191.7	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	38.3	−18.88	191.7	–
per 1 mol of Water	19.1	−9.440	95.85	–

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −29.18 kJ/mol K 1.29 × 10⁵ pK −5.11: 4NaClIonized aqueous solution + PbO₂Crystalline solid + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + Cl₂↑Gas + PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−29.18	–	–
per 1 mol of Sodium chloride	–	−7.295	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−29.18	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−7.295	–	–
per 1 mol of Sodium ion	–	−7.295	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−29.18	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−29.18	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−14.59	–	–

Changes in standard condition (3)

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −11.94 kJ/mol K 1.24 × 10² pK −2.09: 4NaClIonized aqueous solution + PbO₂Crystalline solid + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	14.9	−11.94	90	–
per 1 mol of Sodium chloride	3.73	−2.985	23	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	14.9	−11.94	90	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	3.73	−2.985	23	–
per 1 mol of Sodium ion	3.73	−2.985	23	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	14.9	−11.94	90	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	14.9	−11.94	90	–
per 1 mol of Water	7.45	−5.970	45	–

Changes in standard condition (4)

Reaction of sodium chloride and lead(IV) oxide under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −22.24 kJ/mol K 7.88 × 10³ pK −3.90: 4NaClIonized aqueous solution + PbO₂Crystalline solid + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
🔥
⟶
4Na⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−22.24	–	–
per 1 mol of Sodium chloride	–	−5.560	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−22.24	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−5.560	–	–
per 1 mol of Sodium ion	–	−5.560	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−22.24	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−22.24	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−11.12	–	–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formula	Standard enthalpy of formation Δ_fH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar entropy S° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
NaCl (cr)	-411.153^[1]	-384.138^[1]	72.13^[1]	50.50^[1]
NaCl (g)	-176.65^[1]	-196.66^[1]	229.81^[1]	35.77^[1]
NaCl (ai)	-407.27^[1]	-393.133^[1]	115.5^[1]	-90.0^[1]
PbO₂ (cr)	-277.4^[1]	-217.33^[1]	68.6^[1]	64.64^[1]
H⁺ (g)	1536.202^[1]	–	–	–
H⁺ (ao)	0^[1]	0^[1]	0^[1]	0^[1]

* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formula	Standard enthalpy of formation Δ_fH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar entropy S° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
Na⁺ (g)	609.358^[1]	–	–	–
Na⁺ (ao)	-240.12^[1]	-261.905^[1]	59.0^[1]	46.4^[1]
Cl₂ (g)	0^[1]	0^[1]	223.066^[1]	33.907^[1]
Cl₂ (ao)	-23.4^[1]	6.94^[1]	121^[1]	–
PbCl₂ (cr)	-359.41^[1]	-314.10^[1]	136.0^[1]	–
PbCl₂ (ai)	-336.0^[1]	-286.86^[1]	123.4^[1]	–
PbCl₂ (ao)	–	-297.16^[1]	–	–
H₂O (cr)	–	–	–	–
H₂O (l)	-285.830^[1]	-237.129^[1]	69.91^[1]	75.291^[1]
H₂O (g)	-241.818^[1]	-228.572^[1]	188.825^[1]	33.577^[1]

* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

1
Janiel J. Reed (1989)
The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
https://doi.org/10.18434/M32124
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Citation list

Δ_rG	−18.88 kJ/mol
K	2.03 × 10³
pK	−3.31

Δ_rG	−29.18 kJ/mol
K	1.29 × 10⁵
pK	−5.11

Δ_rG	−11.94 kJ/mol
K	1.24 × 10²
pK	−2.09

Δ_rG	−22.24 kJ/mol
K	7.88 × 10³
pK	−3.90

4NaCl + PbO2 + 4H+ 🔥→ 4Na+ + Cl2↑ + PbCl2 + 2H2O

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Products

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Changes in standard condition (2)

Changes in standard condition (3)

Changes in standard condition (4)

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Thermodynamic data of products

References

List of references

Related reactions

Reactions with same reactants

Related categories

Type of reaction

General equation

Reactant

Product

4NaCl + PbO₂ + 4H⁺ 🔥→ 4Na⁺ + Cl₂↑ + PbCl₂ + 2H₂O