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4Na[AuCl4] + 4KMnO4 + 6H2O ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 4NaClO2 + KClO2 + 4MnCl2 + 4Au(OH)3 + 3KCl

The reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III), potassium permanganate, and water yields sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite, manganese(II) chloride, gold(III) hydroxide, and potassium chloride (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Na[AuCl4]Sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III)4
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate4
Oxidizing
Oxidizing
H2OWater6
โ€“
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaClO2Sodium chlorite4
Oxidized
โ€“
KClO2Potassium chlorite1
Oxidized
โ€“
MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride4
Reduced
โ€“
Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide4
โ€“
โ€“
KClPotassium chloride3
โ€“
โ€“

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
โ—†
ฮ”rG747.9 kJ/mol
K0.94 ร— 10โˆ’131
pK131.03
4Na[AuCl4]Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 6H2OLiquid
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
4NaClO2Ionized aqueous solution + KClO2Ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl2Ionized aqueous solution + 4Au(OH)3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3KClIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“747.9โ€“โ€“
โ€“187.0โ€“โ€“
โ€“187.0โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“124.6โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“187.0โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“747.9โ€“โ€“
โ€“187.0โ€“โ€“
โ€“187.0โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“249.3โ€“โ€“

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
โ—†
ฮ”rG743.1 kJ/mol
K0.65 ร— 10โˆ’130
pK130.19
4Na[AuCl4]Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 6H2OLiquid
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
4NaClO2Ionized aqueous solution + KClO2Ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4Au(OH)3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3KClIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“743.1โ€“โ€“
โ€“185.8โ€“โ€“
โ€“185.8โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“123.9โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“185.8โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“743.1โ€“โ€“
โ€“185.8โ€“โ€“
โ€“185.8โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“247.7โ€“โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Na[AuCl4] (ai)-562.3[1]-497.04[1]325.9[1]โ€“
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
NaClO2 (cr)-307.02[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
NaClO2 (ai)-306.7[1]-244.7[1]160.2[1]โ€“
NaClO2 (cr)
3 hydrate
-1192.77[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
KClO2 (ai)-318.8[1]-266.1[1]203.8[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)-481.29[1]-440.50[1]118.24[1]72.93[1]
MnCl2 (g)-263.6[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
MnCl2 (ai)-555.05[1]-490.8[1]38.9[1]-222[1]
MnCl2 (ao)โ€“-492.0[1]โ€“โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
1 hydrate
-789.9[1]-696.1[1]174.1[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1092.0[1]-942.1[1]218.8[1]โ€“
MnCl2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1687.4[1]-1423.6[1]303.3[1]โ€“
Au(OH)3 (cr)
precipitated
-424.7[1]-316.92[1]189.5[1]โ€“
Au(OH)3 (ao)โ€“-283.37[1]โ€“โ€“
KCl (cr)-436.747[1]-409.14[1]82.59[1]51.30[1]
KCl (g)-214.14[1]-233.0[1]239.10[1]36.48[1]
KCl (ai)-419.53[1]-414.49[1]159.0[1]-114.6[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)