You-iggy

5PbCl2 + 18HNO3 ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 5PbO2 + 10HClO4 + 9N2โ†‘ + 4H2O

The reaction of lead(II) chloride and nitric acid yields lead(IV) oxide, perchloric acid, nitrogen, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
PbCl2Lead(II) chloride5
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
HNO3Nitric acid18
Oxidizing
Oxidizing

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
PbO2Lead(IV) oxide5
Oxidized
โ€“
HClO4Perchloric acid10
Oxidized
โ€“
N2Nitrogen9
Reduced
โ€“
H2OWater4
โ€“
โ€“

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and nitric acid
5PbCl2Crystalline solid + 18HNO3Liquid
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5PbO2Crystalline solid + 10HClO4Liquid + 9N2โ†‘Gas + 4H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
1994.7โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
398.94โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
110.82โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
398.94โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
199.47โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
221.63โ€“โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
498.68โ€“โ€“โ€“

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and nitric acid
โ—†
ฮ”rG1316.43 kJ/mol
K0.24 ร— 10โˆ’230
pK230.63
5PbCl2Ionized aqueous solution + 18HNO3Ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5PbO2Crystalline solid + 10HClO4Ionized aqueous solution + 9N2โ†‘Gas + 4H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
1588.91316.43914.9โ€“
per 1 mol of
317.78263.286183.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
88.27273.135050.83โ€“
per 1 mol of
317.78263.286183.0โ€“
per 1 mol of
158.89131.64391.49โ€“
per 1 mol of
176.54146.270101.7โ€“
per 1 mol of
397.23329.108228.7โ€“

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and nitric acid
โ—†
ฮ”rG1367.93 kJ/mol
K0.22 ร— 10โˆ’239
pK239.65
5PbCl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 18HNO3Ionized aqueous solution
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
5PbO2Crystalline solid + 10HClO4Ionized aqueous solution + 9N2โ†‘Gas + 4H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“1367.93โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“273.586โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“75.9961โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“273.586โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“136.793โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“151.992โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“341.983โ€“โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
PbCl2 (cr)-359.41[1]-314.10[1]136.0[1]โ€“
PbCl2 (ai)-336.0[1]-286.86[1]123.4[1]โ€“
PbCl2 (ao)โ€“-297.16[1]โ€“โ€“
HNO3 (l)-174.10[1]-80.71[1]155.60[1]109.87[1]
HNO3 (g)-135.06[1]-74.72[1]266.38[1]53.35[1]
HNO3 (ai)-207.36[1]-111.25[1]146.4[1]-86.6[1]
HNO3 (l)
1 hydrate
-473.46[1]-328.77[1]216.90[1]182.46[1]
HNO3 (l)
3 hydrate
-1056.04[1]-811.09[1]346.98[1]325.14[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1
Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
PbO2 (cr)-277.4[1]-217.33[1]68.6[1]64.64[1]
HClO4 (l)-40.58[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
HClO4 (ai)-129.33[1]-8.52[1]182.0[1]โ€“
HClO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-382.21[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
HClO4 (l)
2 hydrate
-677.98[1]โ€“โ€“โ€“
N2 (g)0[1]0[1]191.61[1]29.125[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)