5NaCl + 8KIO3 + 8H+ 🔥→ 5Na+ + 5KClO4 + 4I2 + 3K+ + 4H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium iodate under acidic condition
- 5NaClSodium chloride + 8KIO3Potassium iodate + 8H+Hydrogen ion5Na+Sodium ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 4 + 3K+Potassium ion + 4H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of sodium chloride, potassium iodate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium ion, potassium perchlorate, , potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium iodate under acidic condition
- 5NaClSodium chloride + 8KIO3Potassium iodate + 8H+Hydrogen ion5Na+Sodium ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 4 + 3K+Potassium ion + 4H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium iodate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 5 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| KIO3 | Potassium iodate | 8 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 8 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 5 | – | – |
| KClO4 | Potassium perchlorate | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| 4 | Reduced | – | ||
| K+ | Potassium ion | 3 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 4 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium iodate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 754.1 kJ/mol K 0.77 × 10−132 pK 132.11
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 905.9 | 754.1 | 508.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 181.2 | 150.8 | 101.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 113.2 | 94.26 | 63.59 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 113.2 | 94.26 | 63.59 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 181.2 | 150.8 | 101.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 181.2 | 150.8 | 101.7 | – |
| 226.5 | 188.5 | 127.2 | – | |
per 1 mol of Potassium ion | 302.0 | 251.4 | 169.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 226.5 | 188.5 | 127.2 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| KIO3 (cr) | -501.37[1] | -418.35[1] | 151.46[1] | 106.48[1] |
| KIO3 (ai) | -473.6[1] | -411.2[1] | 220.9[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| KClO4 (cr) | -432.75[1] | -303.09[1] | 151.0[1] | 112.38[1] |
| KClO4 (ai) | -381.71[1] | -291.79[1] | 284.5[1] | – |
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 116.135[1] | 54.438[1] |
| (g) | 62.438[1] | 19.327[1] | 260.69[1] | 36.90[1] |
| (ao) | 22.6[1] | 16.40[1] | 137.2[1] | – |
| K+ (g) | 514.26[1] | – | – | – |
| K+ (ao) | -252.38[1] | -283.27[1] | 102.5[1] | 21.8[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -501.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -418.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 106.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -411.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 220.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -432.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -303.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -381.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 284.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 116.135 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.438 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 62.438 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 19.327 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 260.69 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 22.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 16.40 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 137.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 514.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -252.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1