6Cu + 5Cu(NO3)2 + 20H+ → 2Cu+ + 10NO2↑ + 9Cu2+ + 10H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of and copper(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 6 + 5Cu(NO3)2Copper(II) nitrate + 20H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + 10NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + 9Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 10H2OWater⟶
The reaction of , copper(II) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(I) ion, nitrogen dioxide, copper(II) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and copper(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 6 + 5Cu(NO3)2Copper(II) nitrate + 20H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + 10NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + 9Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 10H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and copper(II) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| Cu(NO3)2 | Copper(II) nitrate | 5 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 20 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ | Copper(I) ion | 2 | Oxidized | – |
| NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide | 10 | Reduced | – |
| Cu2+ | Copper(II) ion | 9 | Oxidized | – |
| H2O | Water | 10 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of and copper(II) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −383.72 kJ/mol K 1.68 × 1067 pK −67.22
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −50.48 | −383.72 | 1119.1 | – |
| −8.413 | −63.953 | 186.52 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −10.10 | −76.744 | 223.82 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −2.524 | −19.186 | 55.955 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(I) ion | −25.24 | −191.86 | 559.55 | – |
per 1 mol of | −5.048 | −38.372 | 111.91 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(II) ion | −5.609 | −42.636 | 124.34 | – |
per 1 mol of | −5.048 | −38.372 | 111.91 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Cu(NO3)2 (cr) | -302.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu(NO3)2 (ai) | -349.95[1] | -157.02[1] | 193.3[1] | – |
| Cu(NO3)2 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1217.1[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu(NO3)2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2110.8[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ (g) | 1089.986[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu+ (ao) | 71.67[1] | 49.98[1] | 40.6[1] | – |
| NO2 (g) | 33.18[1] | 51.31[1] | 240.06[1] | 37.20[1] |
| Cu2+ (g) | 3054.07[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu2+ (ao) | 64.77[1] | 65.49[1] | -99.6[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 33.150 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.435 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 338.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 298.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 166.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -302.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -349.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -157.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 193.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1217.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2110.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1089.986 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 71.67 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 49.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 40.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 33.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 51.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 240.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 3054.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 64.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 65.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -99.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1