6HCl + 5Mn(NO3)2 + 10H+ 🔥→ 6ClO2 + 10NO + 5Mn2+ + 8H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and manganese(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 6HClHydrogen chloride + 5Mn(NO3)2Manganese(II) nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion6ClO2Chlorine dioxide + 10NONitrogen monoxide + 5Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 8H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of hydrogen chloride, manganese(II) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields chlorine dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, manganese(II) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and manganese(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 6HClHydrogen chloride + 5Mn(NO3)2Manganese(II) nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion6ClO2Chlorine dioxide + 10NONitrogen monoxide + 5Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 8H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and manganese(II) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 6 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| Mn(NO3)2 | Manganese(II) nitrate | 5 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 10 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ClO2 | Chlorine dioxide | 6 | Oxidized | – |
| NO | Nitrogen monoxide | 10 | Reduced | – |
| Mn2+ | Manganese(II) ion | 5 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 8 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and manganese(II) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 1592.8 kJ/mol K 0.90 × 10−279 pK 279.05
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2307.6 | 1592.8 | 2411 | 2826 |
per 1 mol of | 384.60 | 265.47 | 401.8 | 471.0 |
per 1 mol of | 461.52 | 318.56 | 482.2 | 565.2 |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 230.76 | 159.28 | 241.1 | 282.6 |
per 1 mol of | 384.60 | 265.47 | 401.8 | 471.0 |
per 1 mol of | 230.76 | 159.28 | 241.1 | 282.6 |
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) ion | 461.52 | 318.56 | 482.2 | 565.2 |
per 1 mol of | 288.45 | 199.10 | 301.4 | 353.3 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and manganese(II) nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 1590.4 kJ/mol K 0.24 × 10−278 pK 278.63
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 2142.0 | 1590.4 | 1859 | – |
per 1 mol of | 357.00 | 265.07 | 309.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 428.40 | 318.08 | 371.8 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 214.20 | 159.04 | 185.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | 357.00 | 265.07 | 309.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 214.20 | 159.04 | 185.9 | – |
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) ion | 428.40 | 318.08 | 371.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 267.75 | 198.80 | 232.4 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
| HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| Mn(NO3)2 (cr) | -576.26[1] | – | – | – |
| Mn(NO3)2 (ai) | -635.5[1] | -450.9[1] | 218[1] | -121[1] |
| Mn(NO3)2 (vit) 6 hydrate | -2371.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Mn(NO3)2 (l) 6 hydrate | -2331.62[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (vit):Vitreous liquid, (l):Liquid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ClO2 (g) | 102.5[1] | 120.5[1] | 256.84[1] | 41.97[1] |
| ClO2 (ao) | 74.9[1] | 120.1[1] | 164.8[1] | – |
| NO (g) | 90.25[1] | 86.55[1] | 210.761[1] | 29.844[1] |
| Mn2+ (g) | 2519.69[1] | – | – | – |
| Mn2+ (ao) | -220.75[1] | -228.1[1] | -73.6[1] | 50[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -576.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -635.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -450.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 218. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -121. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2371.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2331.62 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 102.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 256.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 41.97 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 74.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 120.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 90.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 86.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.761 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.844 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 2519.69 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -220.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -73.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1